金融危机后美国的新孤立主义思潮探析  

Analysis of American Neo-Isolationism since the Global Financial Crisis

作　　者：韩召颖[1] 岳峰 

机构地区：[1]南开大学周恩来政府管理学院

出　　处：《美国研究》2017年第5期9-31,共23页The Chinese Journal of American Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"中国构建新型大国关系的实践探索研究"(项目编号:13&ZD049)的资助

摘　　要：第二次世界大战后,国际主义成为美国对外政策的主导,但具有深厚历史传统的孤立主义仍不断以新的形式出现。2008年国际金融危机后,美国国内出现新的孤立主义思潮,美国的对外政策也体现出一定的孤立主义倾向:奥巴马政府将更多的精力放在国内问题上,在对外政策上坚持"最少介入";特朗普上台以后,以"美国优先"为口号,继续减少国际介入,避免承担国际责任,同时施行贸易保护主义和强硬的移民政策。此次新孤立主义思潮出现的原因是多方面的,既源于美国国内对自由国际主义实践结果的不满和解决国内问题的需要,也是美国相对实力下降和人口结构变化等趋势性因素作用的结果。Since the end of the Second World War,internationalism has played a dominant role in American foreign policy.However,as a longstanding tradition,isolationism has never ceased to emerge in various new forms in the U.S.foreign policy.Since the global financial crisis of 2008,there have appeared a new wave of isolationism in domestic politics and a tendency of isolationism in the U.S.foreign policy.During the Obama administration,the U.S.focused more on its domestic issues and tried to practice'minimum intervention'in its foreign policy.President Donald Trump has carried his promised to take an'America First'approach in his foreign policy by reducing American international engagement,bearing less international responsibilities,resorting to trade protectionism,and tightening American immigration policies.The reason for adopting neo-isolationism can be attributed to various factors,such as the discontent with the outcome of liberal internationalism,demands to address domestic problems,the relative decline of American power,and the change of demographic structure in the United States.

关 键 词：美国军事与外交 新孤立主义 奥巴马政府 特朗普政府 贸易保护 

分 类 号：D871.2[政治法律—政治学]