制造业投入服务化对企业出口国内增加值的提升效应——基于中国制造业微观企业的经验研究  

The Effect of the Input Servitization of Manufacturing on Upgrading Export Domestic Value Added of Enterprises——Empirical Evidence from Chinese Micro-enterprise

作　　者：许和连[1] 成丽红[1] 孙天阳[1] XU He-lian CHENG Li-hong SUN Tian-yang(School of Economics ＆ Trade, Hunan University, Changsha 410079, China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学经济与贸易学院

出　　处：《中国工业经济》2017年第10期62-80,共19页China Industrial Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目"‘一带一路’相关国家贸易竞争与互补关系研究"(批准号16ZDA038);国家自然科学基金面上项目"文化的空间结构对国际贸易网络演化的影响研究"(批准号41371134);湖南省研究生科研创新项目"制度环境;服务外包与价值链提升研究"(批准号CX2017B127)

摘　　要：服务化已成为全球制造业发展的重要趋势。本文基于2000—2010年中国工业企业数据库、中国海关进出口数据库和世界投入产出数据库(WIOD)的投入产出数据,测算了中国各制造行业的投入服务化程度,以及制造业企业的出口国内增加值率(DVAR),并实证检验制造业投入服务化对企业出口国内增加值率的影响及作用机制。研究发现:总体来看,中国制造业投入服务化与企业出口DVAR之间呈U型关系,这主要是因为投入服务化对不同贸易类型企业的影响存在差异,其中对一般贸易企业出口DVAR的影响显著为正,而对加工贸易和混合贸易企业出口DVAR产生U型影响效应;制造业投入服务化对企业出口DVAR的影响具有明显异质性,依赖于企业贸易类型、技术水平、所在地区、所有制类型及服务要素投入特点;影响机制检验表明,成本降低和技术创新是制造业投入服务化提升企业出口DVAR的可能渠道;市场化进程和服务业开放程度较高的地区或行业,制造业投入服务化将显著促进企业出口DVAR提升。本文研究结论对于中国发展服务型制造和企业出口转型升级具有重要的政策启示。Servitization has become an important trend in the global manufacturing industry. Based on the data from Chinese Industrial Enterprises Database, Chinese Customs Database and WIOD from 2000 to 2010, this paper calculates the degree of input servitization in China＇s manufacturing industries, and calculates the domestic value added ratio （DVAR） of firms＇ exports, besides, this paper analyzes the impacts and mechanisms of the input servitization of manufacturing on DVAR of firms＇ exports. Results show that： Firstly, there is a U-shaped relationship between input servitization of Chinese manufacturing and firms＇ DYAR. This is mainly due to the different impact of input servitization on different trade types of firms. Specifically, the impact on export DVAR of ordinary trade is significantly positive, while the impact on export DVAR of processing trade and mixed trade firms is U-shaped; Secondly, the impact of input servitization on export DVAR has obvious heterogeneity, which depends on the type of trade, technical level, region, type of ownership and characteristics of factor input of service; Thirdly, the mechanism tests indicate that, cost reduction and technological innovation are potential channels for the input servitization of manufacturing to raise export DVAR of firms; Fourthly, in areas or industries where the degree of marketization and service openness are higher, the input servitization of manufacturing will significantly promote export DVAR of firms. The above results have important policy implications for developing service-oriented manufacturing and enhancing the transformation and upgrading of firms＇ export.

关 键 词：制造业投入服务化 出口国内增加值 企业异质性 

分 类 号：F260[经济管理—国民经济]