美国奴隶制研究中的一个争议——从《艰难时代:美国黑人奴隶制经济学》看量化研究与质性研究之价值  

The Role of Qualitative and Quantitative Methods in the History Research:Taking Time on the Cross:The Economics of American Negro Slavery as an Example

作　　者：梅祖蓉[1] Mei Zurong

机构地区：[1]河南大学历史文化学院世界史研究所

出　　处：《史学月刊》2017年第10期118-123,共6页Journal of Historical Science

摘　　要：20世纪70年代,在美国,很少有著作如同罗伯特·福格尔、斯坦利·英格尔曼的《艰难时代:美国黑人奴隶制经济学》掀起知识界那样大的震动。它一方面因其研究方法、研究视域、研究模式等的革新与突破,开创了美国奴隶制研究的新时期,在美国新经济史学以及奴隶制研究中都占有重要地位;另一方面又因其理论与方法的误用乃至矛盾而备受争议,典型地反映出当时美国史学界对于新经济史学的分歧态度;然而,其成就与争议也说明,量化研究在问题与视野的开掘上具有重大价值,实应与质性研究并肩而为史学研究方法中的两棵树。Perhaps no scholarly work published in the later half of twentieth century has agitated the intellectual community as much as Time on the Cross by Robert Fogel and Stanley Engerman in America.It started a new period of slavery scholarship because of its innovations in many respects such as the methodology,perspectives and study mode,thereby became an important work both in American cliometrics and American slavery study.However,it provoked a lot of disputes over its methodology and conclusions.The birth of this book and the disputes it provoked shed light on American historians＇ different attitudes toward the two methods of quantitative and qualitative.It also showed that quantitative study has its indispensable value in the history study as well as limitation.

关 键 词：美国 新经济史学 奴隶制研究 量化研究 质性研究 《艰难时代》 

分 类 号：K097.12[历史地理—历史学]