儿童口腔过敏综合征  

Oral allergy syndrome in children

作　　者：杨敏 

机构地区：[1]广州市妇女儿童医疗中心消化专科,广东广州510623

出　　处：《中国实用儿科杂志》2017年第10期736-739,共4页Chinese Journal of Practical Pediatrics

摘　　要：口腔过敏综合征是一种由Ig E介导的急性口咽部速发型食物过敏反应,由新鲜水果或蔬菜中的蛋白质与花粉之间的交叉反应性引起,儿童发病率为5%~24%。主要的交叉反应性抗原为桦树抗原Betv1、profilin和脂质转移蛋白。临床表现为嘴唇或口腔麻木、瘙痒及水肿,咽喉、软腭或牙龈瘙痒,面部红斑和喉咙紧缩感。依靠详细的病史、抗原特异性Ig E检测、皮肤点刺试验、口服激发试验确诊。一旦确诊,应严格回避已知的未加工的过敏性食物,严重的全身性过敏反应应给予肾上腺素治疗。Oral allergy syndrome （OAS） is an IgE-mediated acute oropharyngeal hypersensitivity to food, which is caused by cross-reactivity between proteins in fresh fruits or vegeta- bles and pollens, with a prevalence of 5% to 24 % in children. A variety of food protein antigens have been implicated in OAS. The most classic of these cross-reactive antigens include birch antigen Betvl, profilin and lipid transfer proteins （LTPs）. Symptoms are usually manifested as numbness, itch- ing or swelling of the lips or mouth, itching or oedema of the lips, throat, palate or gingiva, erythema of the face and tightness of the throat. OAS can be diagnosed based on clinical history, antigen-specific immunoglobulin E testing, skin prick testing and oral food challenge. If the diagnosis is established,patients should be instructed to avoid the fresh fruits and vegetables that cause symptoms, and emergency administration of epinephrine should be given for severe, generalized reactions.

关 键 词：口腔过敏综合征 交叉反应 食物过敏 花粉过敏 儿童 

分 类 号：R72[医药卫生—儿科]