上海市闵行区HIV/AIDS患者心理状况及生活质量调查  

The investigation on psychological status and quality of life for HIV/AIDS patients in Minhang District of Shanghai

作　　者：杨瑛[1] 张星灿[1] 严华美 赵琬[1] 毕辰辰 苏华林[1] 何纳[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海市闵行区疾病预防控制中心,上海201101 [2]复旦大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室-公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室,上海200032

出　　处：《复旦学报（医学版）》2017年第5期590-595,共6页Fudan University Journal of Medical Sciences

基　　金：上海市闵行区自然科学研究课题(2016MHZ47);上海市研究生教育创新计划;上海市公共卫生与预防医学Ⅰ类高峰学科建设计划~~

摘　　要：目的调查上海市闵行区HIV/AIDS患者生活质量状况及其心理健康状况,探索影响其生活质量的因素。方法选择上海市闵行区管理的HIV/AIDS患者,采用横断面调查方法。所有研究对象均接受一般情况问卷、贝克抑郁自评量表(Beck depression inventory,BDI)、焦虑自评量表(self rating anxiety scale,SAS)、社会支持评定量表(social support scale,SSS)、生活质量综合评定问卷(generic quality of life inventory-74,GQOLI-74)测查。结果共有294例感染者纳入研究,平均年龄(39.6±12.6)岁。SAS平均得分40.5±8.8,高于全国常模(t=20.8,P<0.001),焦虑发生率为13.9%;BDI得分粗分平均8.90±8.59,抑郁发生率为28.6%;SSS平均得分33.5±10.2,生活质量的总分平均为66.6±10.9;多因素Logistic回归分析显示:文化程度为高中或中专的HIV/AIDS患者生活质量低于大专及以上者(OR=0.34,95%CI:0.12~0.95);中度或重度抑郁的HIV/AIDS患者的生活质量得分较不抑郁的患者得分低,OR值分别为0.14(95%CI:0.06~0.34)和0.07(95%CI:0.03~0.20);焦虑的HIV/AIDS患者较不焦虑的患者生活质量得分低(OR=0.10,95%CI:0.04~0.27)。社会支持得分越高,生活质量得分越高(OR=3.95,95%CI:1.82~8.59)。结论应加强关注HIV/AIDS患者的心理状态,可以通过提高社会支持,降低焦虑、抑郁的发生来提高其生活质量。Objective To investigate the quality of life（QOL）and mental health status of patients with HIV/AIDS in Minhang District of Shanghai,and to explore the factors that affect their quality of life. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Minhang District among HIV/AIDS patients.All subjects finished general situation questionnaire,Beck depression inventory（BDI）,self rating anxiety scale（SAS）,social support scale（SSS）and generic quality of life inventory-74（GQOLI-74）survey. Results A total of 294 patients were recruited in this study with mean age of（39.6±12.6）years old.Among the subjects,mean score of SAS was 40.5±8.8,higher than national normative score（t=20.8,P0.001）.The prevalence of anxiety was 13.9%.The mean score of BDI was 8.90±8.59,and the prevalence of depression was 28.6%.The mean score of quality of life（QOL）was 66.6±10.9.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that QOL of patients with high school or secondary school was lower than those with college and above education（OR=0.34,95%CI：0.12-0.95）.QOL scores of patients with moderate or severe depression were lower than those with less depressed patients,OR values were 0.14（95%CI：0.06-0.34）and 0.07（95%CI：0.03-0.20）respectively.QOL of patients with anxiety was lower than the patients without anxiety（OR=0.10,95%CI：0.04-0.27）.QOL of patients with high scores of social support was higher than the patients with low scores of social support（OR=3.95,95%CI：1.82-8.59）. Conclusions We should pay more attention to the psychological state of patients with HIV/AIDS.The quality of life can be improved by improving social support and reducing the occurrence of anxiety and depression.

关 键 词：人类免疫缺陷病毒 生活质量 焦虑 抑郁 社会支持 

分 类 号：R184.6[医药卫生—流行病学]