基于GRACE监测数据的伊犁--巴尔喀什湖盆地水储量变化特征及影响因素  

Spatiotemporal Change of Water Storage and Its Influencing Factors in the Ili-Balkhash Basin based on GRACE Data

作　　者：郝建盛 张飞云 赵鑫[1] 刘云霄 李兰海[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]新疆农业大学,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [4]新疆新源县农业局农业推广站,新疆亲源835800

出　　处：《遥感技术与应用》2017年第5期883-892,共10页Remote Sensing Technology and Application

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点实验室专项资金资助项目(2014KL015);中国科学院国际对外合作重点项目(121311KYSB201600051)

摘　　要：气候变化和人类活动对伊犁—巴尔喀什湖盆地自然生态环境的影响逐渐加剧,导致该盆地水资源问题日益突出。地处干旱区的伊犁—巴尔喀什湖盆地水资源的形成和耗散空间分离并且水文气象数据匮乏,使该地区的水资源研究和管理都相对欠缺。采用2003年1月至2014年5月1°×1°GRACE重力卫星的UTCSR-RL05L-2月数据反演得到伊犁—巴尔喀什湖盆地水储量变化,并利用全球陆面同化数据(GLDAS)对比分析,结合水量平衡原理,分析该地区水储量时空变化特征及影响因素。结果表明:伊犁—巴尔喀什湖盆地水储量变化呈现明显的年周期,该地区每年11月至次年4月水储量呈现增加趋势,水储量减少则出现在5月至10月;全年中8月份水储量减少最快,12月份增加最快。在影响整个盆地水储量变化的影响因素中,降水蒸发差是整个盆地水储量变化的最重要的影响因子,其次是蒸发,降水相对最弱。伊犁—巴尔喀什湖盆地水储量变化的影响因子具有明显的空间差异。水资源形成区水储量变化受降水影响最大,然而水储量耗散区水储量受降水蒸发差最明显。蒸发对耗散区的水储量变化的影响程度高于形成区。Climate change and human activities significantly influence regional distribution of water resources and socio-economic and environmental sustainability.The separation of water formation and dissipation in the arid region leads to a challenge for regional water resources management.A clear insight view on regional water storage variation lacks due to the scarcity of ground observation data in the region.This study applied the satellite data to investigate regional water storage variation in the Ili-Balkhash Basin.The water storage variation data derived from UTCSR-RL05 L-2 data with 1°×1°was compared with the data from GLDAS within a period from January 2003 to May 2014,then applied to investigate the temporal and spatial characteristics of water storage variation as well as their influencing factors in the Basin.The results indicated that water storage increased from every November to April of the next year,and decreased from May to October.Among the factors influencing water storage change in the basin,bias between precipitation and evaporation（BPE）is a most important factor to influence regional water storage change,followed by evaporation.Spatially,the factors influencing water storage change differ in water formation and dissipation region.Water storage change is most influenced by precipitation in the water formation region,but by BPE in the water dissipation region,and the impact of evaporation on water storage change in the water dissipation region is greater than that in the water formation region.

关 键 词：水储量变化 时空变化 影响因素 伊犁—巴尔喀什湖盆地 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]