新型高原单兵急救盒的研制与应用  

Development and application of new type of individual first aid kit for plateau soldiers

作　　者：刘伟 王展儒 曹洪亮 李捷 

机构地区：[1]武警8630部队医院,天津300161 [2]武警8630部队卫生科,天津300161

出　　处：《医疗卫生装备》2017年第9期23-25,36,共4页Chinese Medical Equipment Journal

摘　　要：目的 :研制一种新型高原单兵急救盒,用于官兵急性高原反应的救治。方法 :根据军事预防医学相关理论和部队进驻高原的卫生防护、治疗实践经验,以盒体结构设计和内装药材筛选为重点,研制新型高原单兵急救盒。将2 100例官兵分为对照组(1 000例)和观察组(1 100例),对照组采用常规救治流程处置,观察组先自主使用新型高原单兵急救盒后再按常规救治流程处置,观察并比较2组急性高原反应发病情况和救治效果。结果:该急救盒的应用明显缩短了急救时间,提高了急救反应速度,急性高原反应的救治效果明显提高。进入高原1周后,观察组头痛、胃肠症状、疲劳、头晕4个症状评分分别为(1.5±0.5)、(1.7±0.4)、(1.3±0.6)、(1.6±0.7)分,对照组症状评分分别为(2.3±0.6)、(2.4±0.5)、(2.2±0.5)、(2.4±0.6)分;1个月后,观察组治愈率99.2%,平均治愈时间为(8.1±3.3)d,对照组治愈率91.2%,平均治愈时间为(15.2±6.4)d。观察组病情分级明显低于对照组,治愈时间明显少于对照组,治愈率高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:该急救盒使用方便、轻便易携,治疗急性高原反应疗效确切,值得推广。Objective To develop a new type of individual first aid kit for plateau conditions to treat acute high altitude reaction. Methods The theories of military preventive medicine as well as the practices of plateau medical protection and treatment were involved in the design and manufacturing of the kit with emphases on kit body architecture design and selection of equipped medicinal materials. Totally 2 100 servicemen had 1 000 ones divided into a control group and 1 100 ones into an observation group. The two groups both underwent conventional treatment, while the observation group applied the kit besides. The incidence rates and curative effects of acute high altitude reaction were compared in the two groups.Results The kit improved first aid of acute high altitude reaction in time consumed and speed. One week after entering the plateau the scores of headache, gastrointestinal symptom, fatigue and dizziness were（1.5±0.5）,（1.7±0.4）,（1.3±0.6） and（1.6±0.7） respectively in the observation group, and（2.3±0.6）,（2.4±0.5）,（2.2±0.5） and（2.4±0.6） respectively in the control group.One month after entering the plateau, the observation group had the recovery rate being 99.2% and the mean therapy time being（8.1±3.3）d, and the control group had the recovery rate being 91.2% and the mean therapy time being（15.2±6.4）d. The observation group behaved better than the control group in disease grading, therapy time, recovery rate significantly（P0.05）.Conclusion The kit gains advantages in convenience, portability and curative effect when used to treat acute high altitude reaction, and thus is worthy promoting practically.

关 键 词：单兵急救盒 急性高原反应 高原急救 卫生防护 军事预防医学 

分 类 号：R82[医药卫生—临床医学]