木薯叶片组织结构及生理生化特征与其抗细菌性枯萎病的关系  

The Structure and Physiological Characteristics of Cassava Leaves and Their Relationship with the Resistance to Bacterial Blight

作　　者：李伯凌 霍本君 朱寿松 熊茜 李可 罗丽娟 李春霞 陈银华 

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带农林学院/海南省热带生物资源可持续利用重点实验室,海口570228

出　　处：《热带生物学报》2017年第3期292-300,共9页Journal of Tropical Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(zzzz002003065)

摘　　要：本试验选取对细菌性枯萎病具有高抗、中抗、高感的6个木薯品种,在苗期对它们叶片的组织结构进行显微观察,并对接种病原菌后叶片过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性和可溶性蛋白质含量变化进行测定。结果表明:不同抗性品种叶片的气孔密度和蜡质含量差异显著,与品种抗病性呈正相关;高抗品种叶片的栅栏组织细胞和海绵组织细胞排列较感病品种更整齐紧密,中抗品种和感病品种的海绵组织中则出现较多的空隙,结构比较疏松;接种病原菌后,叶片中POD和PPO的活性与木薯抗病性成正相关;可溶性蛋白质含量也有较显著的变化。Seedlings of six cassava cultivars with high resistance, medium resistance or high susceptibility to bacterial blight were selected to observe their leaf anatomical structure characteristics by using microscope. The seedlings were then inoculated with a strain （ XamHNO4 ） of the pathogen of cassava bacterial blight [ Xan- thomonas axonopodis pv. malvacearum（Xam）] to determine the change of peroxidase （POD） and polyphenol- oxidase （PPO） activities and soluble protein content in the leaves. The results showed that the stoma density and wax content in the leaves were significantly higher in the resistant cassava varieties than in the susceptible ones, indicating that they were positively correlated with the resistance of cassava varieties. The palisade and spongy tissues of the resistant varieties were more compact and tight than those of the susceptible ones. In addition, the spongy tissues of medium resistant and highly susceptible varieties were relatively loose in structure with lots of spaces. The activities of POD and PPO in the leaves inoculated with the pathogen strain XamHNO4 were deter- mined to be positively correlated with the resistance to the bacterial blight, and the content of soluble protein had significant change in the leaves after inoculation. These results implied that the leaf anatomical structure and physiological characteristics could be the markers for cassava resistance to bacterial blight.

关 键 词：木薯 细菌性枯萎病 抗病性 叶片结构 生理生化 

分 类 号：S533[农业科学—作物学] Q944.56[生物学—植物学]