习惯与国法的角力——以龙映姜、杨翠桃争产案为中心  

The Conflict between Customs and National Laws: A Case Study of Property Inheritance between Long Yingjiang and Yang Cuitao

作　　者：谢开键[1] 施晴 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史系,上海200433

出　　处：《原生态民族文化学刊》2017年第3期53-60,共8页Journal of Ethnic Culture

摘　　要：习惯是世界上最古老、最普遍的法律渊源,常以国家法的补充角色维系着一方土地的社会秩序,二者长期调适共生。它们在民间处理财产继承时都曾发挥重要的作用。然而随着清末及民国政府的法制改革的不断深化,特别是《中华民国民法·继承编》的颁布,民间财产传递习惯和国家制定的财产继承法条之间冲突不断,在具体实践中产生诸多问题。民国贵州天柱县的一起持续多年的继承财产案,充分地展现了国法和习惯扞格的情况。由于习惯的强大力量,新制度尚未成为新安排,国家法缺乏强有力的执行力度及法律的不健全等现实因素致使案件的当事人争讼不断。虽然国法在与习惯的角力中最终获胜,但如何调适二者的关系,使其相辅相成,在当今社会语境下仍值得认真对待与反思。Customs, as one of the oldest and most common legal source in the world, often plays the complementary role of maintaining the social order. Customs and Laws are coexistent for a long term, which also play an important role in handling property inheritance However, with the deepening re-form of legal system of the late Qing dynasty and republic of China, especially the issue of the Civil Law of the Republic of China- Inheritance, the conflict between the customs of private property transfer and property inheritance law formulated by the state has been increasing gradually and brings out some problems in practice＊ In the period of the Republic of China, the property inheritance case in Tianzhu county Guizhou provinces lasted a long period and showed the domination of national laws. The inter-ested parties of the case had been disputed for the great influence of customs, lacking of establish of new systems and strong enforcement of national laws, and unsound laws＊ Although the national law in the conflict won at last, it was necessary to reflect the relationship between customs and national law and how to make them coexist with each other.

关 键 词：国法 习惯 天柱文书 财产继承权 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]