基施钾肥对耐密·紧凑型夏玉米品种主要农艺性状和产量的影响  

Effects of Base Potassium Fertilizer on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Density-Tolerant Summer Maize

作　　者：路小芳 

机构地区：[1]邢台市农业科学研究院,河北邢台054000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2017年第29期18-19,22,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：邢台市科学技术研究与发展计划项目(16226323D-X)

摘　　要：[目的]探索实现夏玉米高产的适宜施钾水平。[方法]以邢玉10号为试验材料,设氯化钾施肥量0(不施肥,CK)、90、150、210、270、360 kg/hm^2共6个处理,研究不同钾肥施肥水平对耐密、紧凑型夏玉米主要农艺性状及产量的影响。[结果]施用钾肥可以促进玉米生长发育,株高、穗位高、穗长、穗行数、行粒数、穗粒数、千粒重和产量均显著增加,果穗秃尖长度显著变短,钾肥对玉米有较显著的增产作用。当施钾量≤210 kg/hm^2时,不同施钾量处理的株高、穗位高、穗长、穗行数、行粒数、穗粒数、千粒重、秃尖长度和产量差异均达到显著水平;当施钾量>210 kg/hm^2时,继续加大施肥水平,株高、穗位高、穗长、穗行数、行粒数、穗粒数、千粒重、秃尖长度和产量增效作用不明显,表明钾肥能够显著提高夏玉米的农艺性状和产量,但过多施用钾肥对农艺性状和产量影响不大,反而造成浪费。[结论]该研究可为提高玉米产量和种植效益提供理论支持。[Objective]To explore the suitable potassium fertilizer level to achieve high yield of summer maize.[Method]With Xingyu No. 10 as test material,to study effect of different potassium fertilizer levels（ 0,90 150,210,270,360 kg/hm2） on agronomic traits and yield of density-tolerant summer maize.[Result]Potassium fertilizer can promote the growth and development of maize,plant height,ear position height,ear length,row number,kernels per row,kernels per spike,1 000-grain weight and yield were significantly increased,bare tip length was shortened,the potassium fertilizer significantly increased maize yield. When the amount of potassium was not more than 210 kg/hm2,the differences of plant height,ear position height,ear length,row number,kernels per row,kernels per spike,1 000-grain weight,bare tip length and yield of different potassium treatments were significant. When the amount of potassium was more than 210 kg/hm2,continuously increased the fertilization level,plant height,ear position height,ear length,row number,kernels per row,kernels per spike,1 000-grain weight,bare tip length and yielding effect were not obvious. Potassium fertilizer can significantly improve the agronomic traits and yield of summer maize,but not the more the better,too much potassium fertilizer had little effect on yield,but cause waste.[Conclusion]The study can provide a theoretical basis for increasing maize yield and planting benefit.

关 键 词：钾肥 施肥量 夏玉米 农艺性状 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]