古银杏半同胞家系染色体核型分析及进化趋势研究  

Chromosome Karyotype Analysis and Evolutional Trend of Ancient Ginkgo biloba Half-sib Families

作　　者：孙立民[1] 王文英 邢世岩[1] 唐海霞[1] 孔倩倩[1] 刘佩迎 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学林学院,山东泰安271018 [2]周村区林业局,山东淄博255300

出　　处：《西南林业大学学报（自然科学）》2017年第5期15-21,共7页Journal of Southwest Forestry University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD21B04)资助

摘　　要：以采自山东、浙江、贵州等15个省份的古银杏半同胞家系种质资源圃中28个家系为研究对象,随机取其幼叶,采用压片法对其核型进行研究。结果表明:28个家系染色体数均为2n=2x=24;染色体以中短和中长染色体为主;核型主要由中部着丝粒染色体(m)、近中部着丝粒染色体(sm)和近端部着丝粒染色体(st)组成,有2A、2B、3A和3B 4种类型。71#家系最为原始,而40#家系最为进化,来自中国西南部的家系进化程度较低,东部和南部的家系进化程度较高。This study was based on the karyotype and evolution trend of 28 families from Shandong, Zhejiang, Guizhou and other 12 provinces which existed in ancient Ginkgo biloba half-sib families germplasm repository by squashing method with random young leaves as test materials. The result showed that the karyotype of all 28 families could be described as 2n = 2x = 24 ; The chromosome composition based on relative length of main medium-short and medium-long; The karyotype was mainly composed of median centromere chromosome （m） , nearly median centromere chromosome （sm） and acrocentric chromosome （st） , and the karyotype could be divided into 4 types, which were 2A, 2B, 3A and 3B ; 40# might be the most advanced while 71# family might be the most primitive family. The families from southwest of China were more primitive, while the families from east and south were more advanced.

关 键 词：古银杏 家系 染色体 核型 进化 

分 类 号：S792.95[农业科学—林木遗传育种]