乌拉草纤维的提取及其结构和性能研究  

Extraction of meyer sedge fiber and its structure and properties

作　　者：王利军[1] 王春红[1] 王妮 龙碧璇 WANG Lijun WANG Chunhong WANG Ni Long Bixuan(School of Textiles, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, Chin)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学纺织学院,天津300387

出　　处：《上海纺织科技》2017年第10期22-25,64,共5页Shanghai Textile Science & Technology

基　　金：天津市自然科学基金重点项目(11JCZDJC22300)

摘　　要：为更有效地利用天然植物资源,采用生物-化学联合法来提取乌拉草纤维。讨论了生物酶与化学试剂的浓度、温度和时间等工艺参数对乌拉草纤维细度与拉伸性能的影响,并采用扫描电镜和红外光谱分析等方法对乌拉草纤维的化学成分与表面形态进行了表征。结果表明:最优生物-化学联合提取工艺为生物酶处理阶段的果胶酶质量浓度为0.8 g/L、温度为45℃、pH为5、处理时间为4 h,化学处理阶段的NaOH质量浓度为8 g/L、H_2O_2质量浓度为4 g/L、温度为95℃、时间为1.5 h。经最优生物-化学联合工艺处理后的乌拉草纤维的直径为40.62μm,拉伸强度为268.31 MPa,性能接近麻类纤维。In order to make more efficient use of natural plant resources, the technology of bio-chemical combined extraction of natural Meyer sedge grass is studied. The effects of extraction parameters, such as concentration, temperature and time on fiber diameter, breaking strength and elongation at breakage are discussed. The chemical composition and surface morphology of the fiber are characterized by FT-IR and SEM. The results show that the optimum process parameters of bio-chemical treatment is pectinase 0.8 g/L, treating at 45% for 4 h with pH value of 5 in biological enzyme treatment phase, and NaOH 8 g/L, H2O2 0.4 g/L, treating at 95% for 1.5 h in chemical treatment phase. The diameter of the treated Meyer sedge fiber is 40.62 μm, and the tensile breaking strength is 268.31 MPa, which are similar to those of bastfiber.

关 键 词：乌拉草纤维 脱胶 生化试剂 工艺方案 纤维性能 

分 类 号：TS102.2[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]