串联飞行器级间分离风洞自由飞试验  

Wind tunnel free-flight test for stage separation of tandem layout vehicle

作　　者：宋威[1] 蒋增辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国航天空气动力技术研究院,北京100074

出　　处：《空气动力学学报》2017年第5期687-692,共6页Acta Aerodynamica Sinica

摘　　要：针对超声速串联布局飞行器在稠密大气层内主级与助推级级间分离的运动特性问题,采用运动自由度不受约束的风洞自由飞试验方法,很好地复现助推级和主级分离的动态运动过程,且创新地模拟助推级发动机带有残余推力对主级与助推级分离特性的影响规律。在试验马赫数Ma=2.5,侧滑角β=0°条件下,通过改变初始分离迎角α(0°、5°),研究了分离迎角α对主级与助推级分离后级间相对位置的影响规律。结果表明:初始分离迎角α是影响主级与助推级分离相对位置的关键参数,当初始分离迎角α=5°时,主级与助推级分离后级间相对位置变化较α=0°迅速,适当增加初始分离迎角α更有利于飞行器的级间分离;助推级有/无发动机残余推力对主级与助推级分离后的级间相对位置影响较小,这表明超声速串联布局飞行器在大气层内级间分离的运动特性由主级与助推级所受的气动力主导。In order to study motion characteristics of the separation between major and booster stages （stage separation） in th ick aerosphere for supersonic tandem layout vehicle, wind tunnel free-f light test, with unrestrained motion freedom,was conducted. The kinetic law of relative display between stages was obtained fo r a supersonic tandem layout vehicle w ith orwithout residuary force of the booster stage at dif ferent in it ia l separate angles of attack （A O A ）. The dynamic motion of the stage separation was observed in the experiment. The experimental conditions were Mach number Ma = 2. 5 , the in it ia l separate AOAs a = 0° and 5°, and sideslip j 3=00, respectively. I t has been shown th a t：（1） The in it ia l separate AO A has significant effect on the motion characteristics regarding the stage separation of the supersonic vehicle, and it is a pivotal parameter for the stage separation. The motion characteristics of the stage separation can be greatly improved by increasing the in it ia l separate AOA . （2） The booster stage w ith or without residuary force has a tr iv ia l effect on the relative display. This behavior shows that the motion characteristics of the stage separation of the supersonic tandem layout vehicle aredetermined by the aerodynamic force exerted on the major and booster stage.

关 键 词：串联飞行器 级间分离 风洞自由飞试验 残余推力 刀始分离迎角 

分 类 号：V211.7[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] V212.1