海泡石与生物质炭强化厌氧处理养猪废水  

Enhanced efficiency of an anaerobic reactor containing sepiolite or biochar for treatment swine wastewater

作　　者：宿程远 郑鹏[2] 卢宇翔[2] 谢莲[2] 黄纯萍 黄智 陈孟林[2] 

机构地区：[1]岩溶生态与环境变化研究广西高校重点实验室,广西桂林541004 [2]广西师范大学环境与资源学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2017年第10期3764-3772,共9页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51641803);岩溶生态与环境变化研究广西高校重点实验室资助项目(YRHJ16Z007)

摘　　要：探讨了海泡石与生物质炭投加对于厌氧技术处理养猪废水效能的影响,并通过三维荧光光谱(EEM)与傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)分析了海泡石与生物质炭对于厌氧污泥溶解性微生物产物(SMP)及胞外聚合物(EPS)组分的影响.结果表明,投加海泡石与生物质炭后,提高了厌氧反应器对COD与氨氮的去除效果,对COD的平均去除率分别提高了10.1%与15.4%,对氨氮的去除率最高分别达到了50.9%和71.5%.对于厌氧污泥SMP而言,投加海泡石后,其FTIR光谱中2930cm^(-1)、1460cm^(-1)处的吸收峰减弱,表明其对养猪废水中大分子有机物的去除效果有一定程度增强;而投加生物质炭后,其EEM光谱中类富里酸(Ex/Em=340nm/420nm)的吸收峰强度降低,从而提高了厌氧反应器出水水质.对于厌氧污泥EPS而言,通过EEM分析可知,投加生物质炭后厌氧污泥中简单类蛋白(Ex/Em=225nm/340nm)吸收峰、色氨酸类蛋白(Ex/Em=280/340nm)吸收峰强度增大,蛋白含量的提高有利于厌氧污泥的絮凝;同时出现了辅酶F420(Ex/Em=420nm/470nm)的吸收峰,这表明加入生物质炭后,厌氧反应器内产甲烷菌活性更佳,为厌氧反应器对养猪废水的高效处理提供了保障.In this study, the enhanced efficiency of an anaerobic reactor containing sepiolite and biochar for treatment swine wastewater was investigated, respectively. The impacts of sepiolite and biochar on the components of soluble microbial products（SMP） and extracellular polymeric substances（EPS） of anaerobic sludge were also evaluated using excitation-emission matrix（EEM） and fourier transform infrared（FTIR） spectra. The results showed that the anaerobic reactor containing sepiolite or biochar could improve the removal of both COD and ammonia nitrogen. Using sepiolite and biochar, the average removal rate of COD increased by 10.1% and 15.4%, respectively. Meanwhile, the maximal removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen reached to 50.9% and 71.5%, respectively. With regard to the SMP of the sludge, the absorption peaks at 2930cm^（-1）, 1460cm^（-1）abated in the FTIR spectra. It was indicated that sepiolite effectively removed great molecule organic substances in the swine wastewater. On the other hand, the intensity of the absorption peak of fulvic acid-like（Ex/Em=340nm/420nm） was reduced in the EEM spectra using biochar. It was demonstrated that biochar improved the quality of the reactor effluent. In terms of the EPS of the sludge, the intensity of the absorption peaks of protein-like（Ex/Em=225nm/340nm） and tryptophan PN-like（Ex/Em=340nm/420nm） increased in the EEM spectra containing biochar. It was denoted that the augment of the protein content was in favour of the anaerobic granular sludge flocculation. Besides, the absorption peak of coenzyme F420（Ex/Em=420nm/470nm） also appeared in the EEM spectra. It was illustrated that the activity of methanogens in the anaerobic reactor was intensified, which ensured the enhanced efficiency of the anaerobic reactor for treatment swine wastewater.

关 键 词：养猪废水 厌氧反应器 生物质炭 海泡石 污泥特性 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]