南中国海表层海水重金属含量及其潜在生态风险分析  

Heavy metals concentration and its potential ecological risk assessment of surface seawater in South China Sea

作　　者：刘慧杰 刘文君[2] 刘继平 麦成海 郑鑫楠 

机构地区：[1]广州军区环境监测站,广东广州510507 [2]清华大学环境学院,北京100084

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2017年第10期3891-3898,共8页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51290284)

摘　　要：为了解南中国海重金属含量现状及其潜在风险,采集南中国海16个采样点站位的表层海水样,分析重金属元素Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd含量及相关环境参数,并用Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法评价其生态风险.结果表明,Cu含量范围为0.012~0.127mg/L,Pb含量范围为0.051~1.113mg/L,Zn含量范围为0.045~0.186mg/L,Cd含量范围为0.047~0.324mg/L,重金属平均含量均超过我国海水水质三类标准.4种重金属间呈显著相关性,重金属与不同环境参数间也存在显著相关性,这可能与它们的污染来源相同有关.经重金属潜在生态风险指数分析,平均RI值为873.87,已具极强生态危害,其中Cd对生态危害贡献最大,海洋生态风险影响程度依次为Cd>Pb>Cu>Zn.提示应重点加强海洋环境生态危害较大重金属的监测.To explore the status of heavy metals pollution in South China Sea, the surface samples of sixteen stations were collected. Concentrations of heavy metals Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd as well as relevant environmental parameters, such as TOC, pH value, salinity and so on, were analyzed. The Hakanson ecological risk index was adopted to assess the potential ecological risk of South China Sea. Concentrations of Cu （0.012-0.127mg/L）, Pb（0.051-0.113mg/L）, Zn（0.045-0.186mg/L） and Cd （0.047-0.324mg/L） in surface seawater were pretty high and the average level of them were beyond the third class of sea water quality standard of China. There was a significant correlation between four heavy metals and some of environmental parameters, which suggested their similar origins. Based on the potential ecological risk assessment results, the average RI value was 873.87, indicating a high ecological risk level. The descending order of ecological risk of heavy metal was Cd 〉Pb 〉Cu 〉Zn. Consequently, more efforts should be made to monitor heavy metal pollution and protect marine ecological environment.

关 键 词：南中国海 表层海水 重金属 生态风险 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]