中秋节载人登月任务窗口与转移轨道设计研究  

Study on Transfer Windows and Orbits Design for Manned Lunar Landing Mission at Mid-Autumn Festival

作　　者：贺波勇[1] 顾绍景 黄海兵[1] 李海阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]国防科学技术大学航天科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410073 [2]上海宇航系统工程研究所,上海201109

出　　处：《上海航天》2017年第5期9-15,共7页Aerospace Shanghai

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(11372345);国家973计划资助(2013CB733100)

摘　　要：提出了中秋节载人登月概念,论述了中秋节载人登月的意义和价值,对中秋节载人登月任务窗口与转移轨道设计进行了研究。忽略木星等大行星摄动力、地球潮汐摄动力、地球扁率的间接摄动和相对论效应等微小量,建立了轨道动力学模型,给出了任务工程约束。考虑登月时刻在农历八月十五日20:00左右,给出了全任务窗口规划的策略,对转移轨道模型及优化进行设计,以近月点坐标系参数为优化设计变量,分别对地月自由返回和月地定点返回两种轨道进行了优化设计。给出了2017年中秋载人登月的算例,验证了精确星历模型下全任务窗口规划策略和转移轨道设计策略的有效性。给出了2017~2036年间中秋节载人登月的窗口轨道参数等。研究可为我国未来载人登月任务目标制定及工程实施提供参考。The idea of manned lunar landing mission at the Mid-autumn festival was declared in this paper.The interesting significance and value of manned lunar landing mission at the Mid-autumn festival for Chinese were expounded.The planet＇s perturbation of Jupiter and others,the Earth＇s tidal perturbation,indirect perturbation of earth＇s oblateness and relativistic effect were omitted.The orbital dynamic model was established.The mission constrains were presented.The all mission windows planning strategy was given based on the condition that manned lunar landing was at about 20：00 at the Mid-autumn festival.The transfer trajectories design and optimization method were carriedout.The trajectories of free-return and point reentry to the Earth were optimized when the parameters of perilune coordinate system were served as optimal variables.The sample of manned lunar landing in 2017 was given,which proved that the all mission windows planning strategy and transfer trajectory optimization under precision ephemeris orbital model were practicable.The window orbital parameters for manned lunar landing in 2017~2036 were obtained.This study has provided some references to goal design and engineering application of Chinese manned lunar landing mission.

关 键 词：载人登月 中秋节 任务规划 窗口设计 地月转移 自由返回轨道 月地定点返回 轨道优化 精确轨道动力学 

分 类 号：V412.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]