Intraguild predation and competitive displacement between Nesidiocoris tenuis and Dicyphus maroccanus, two biological control agents in tomato pests  

作　　者：Nadia G. Salas Gervassio Meritxell Perez-Hedo Maria G. Luna Alberto Urbaneja 

机构地区：[1]Centro de Estudios Parasitol6gicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE -CCT La Plata- CONICET-UNLP), Boulevard 120 el 60 y 64, 1900 La Plata,Argentina [2]Centro de Proteccion Vegetal y Biotecnologia, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVlA), Unidad Asociada de Entomologia UJI-IVIA, Carretera de Moncada - N&quera Km. 4.5, 46113, Moncada, Valencia, Spain [3]Unitat Associada d'Entomologia UJI-IVIA, Departament de Ciencies Agr&ries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, UJI, Campus del Riu Sec, E-12071, Castello de laPlana, Spain

出　　处：《Insect Science》2017年第5期809-817,共9页昆虫科学（英文版）

摘　　要：Dicyphus maroccanus Wagner and Nesidiocoris tenuis Reuter （Hemiptera： Miridae） are 2 biological control agents in tomatoes. Through the crop seasons, a natural shift in the occurrence of both mirids in favor ofN. tenuis has been observed at the end of the cropping cycle in eastern Spain. To better optimize their conservation, the reasons for the observed change, such as intraguild interactions （IGP） or the influence of environmental conditions, are worth elucidating. To do this, we first studied the IGP of adult females on heterospecific nymphs in the laboratory. We next studied exploitative competition between adults and nymphs of each species when feeding on Ephestia kueniella Zeller （Lepidoptera： Pyralidae） eggs in the laboratory. Finally, to analyze the competitive displacement between both mirids, we conducted a semifield experiment in which both predators were released together. All experiments were conducted at 2 temperature regimes （20 and 25~C）. Adult- to-nymph intraguild interactions occurred only at 25 ~C at very low levels, showing that N. tenuis attacked and consumed a greater proportion ofheterospecific nymphs. Nesidiocoris tenuis was a better competitor than D. maroccanus when feeding on the shared prey in the presence of its heterospecific nymph at 25 ~C. In semifield conditions, N. tenuis showed a competitive advantage over D. maroccanus at both temperatures. We conclude that there is not direct interference between both species, however, N. tenuis has a greater ability to outcompete, since it is best adapted to higher temperatures and it is able to remove food sources for D. maroccanus.Dicyphus maroccanus Wagner and Nesidiocoris tenuis Reuter （Hemiptera： Miridae） are 2 biological control agents in tomatoes. Through the crop seasons, a natural shift in the occurrence of both mirids in favor ofN. tenuis has been observed at the end of the cropping cycle in eastern Spain. To better optimize their conservation, the reasons for the observed change, such as intraguild interactions （IGP） or the influence of environmental conditions, are worth elucidating. To do this, we first studied the IGP of adult females on heterospecific nymphs in the laboratory. We next studied exploitative competition between adults and nymphs of each species when feeding on Ephestia kueniella Zeller （Lepidoptera： Pyralidae） eggs in the laboratory. Finally, to analyze the competitive displacement between both mirids, we conducted a semifield experiment in which both predators were released together. All experiments were conducted at 2 temperature regimes （20 and 25~C）. Adult- to-nymph intraguild interactions occurred only at 25 ~C at very low levels, showing that N. tenuis attacked and consumed a greater proportion ofheterospecific nymphs. Nesidiocoris tenuis was a better competitor than D. maroccanus when feeding on the shared prey in the presence of its heterospecific nymph at 25 ~C. In semifield conditions, N. tenuis showed a competitive advantage over D. maroccanus at both temperatures. We conclude that there is not direct interference between both species, however, N. tenuis has a greater ability to outcompete, since it is best adapted to higher temperatures and it is able to remove food sources for D. maroccanus.

关 键 词：COMPETITION Mediterranean crops MIRIDAE TEMPERATURE TOMATO 

分 类 号：Q141[生物学—生态学] TQ458[生物学—普通生物学]