福州市慢性阻塞性肺疾病的检出率及相关因素  

Detection rate and related factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Fuzhou City

作　　者：张晓阳[1,2] 徐幽琼[1] 李红 曹祥玉[1] 王晶 林海燕 

机构地区：[1]福建省福州市疾病预防控制中心,福州350004 [2]福建医科大学公共卫生学院 [3]福建省福州市台江区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2017年第5期18-22,共5页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

基　　金：福建省福州市科技计划重点项目(2013-S-130-3)

摘　　要：目的掌握福州市慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的患病情况和影响因素,为基层开展COPD健康教育提供基础数据。方法以整群随机抽样方法抽取福州市台江区3个街道6个居委会2 400户居民户,每户用KISH表法随机抽取40岁及以上居民1名,对随机抽取2 156人进行面对面问卷调查、体检和肺功能检查,对FEV1/FVC<70%人群进行心电图和胸片检查。结果福州市40岁及以上人群COPD总检出率为6.33%,男性检出率明显高于女性(P<0.01)。随着年龄增长、受教育程度越低、有父亲或母亲家族史、经常接触粉尘或有害气体、经常接触油烟其检出率上升(P<0.01/0.05);而工作中采取防护器具、在室外做饭人群COPD检出率低(P<0.01)。多因素分析,男性、年龄≥50岁、有父或母家族史、吸烟和被动吸烟、经常接触油烟与COPD发生呈正相关;受教育程度与COPD发生呈负相关。结论福州市COPD检出率低于全国平均水平,年龄、吸烟等人口学特征及油烟接触是COPD发病的重要相关因素。Objective To survey the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（ COPD） and related factors in Fuzhou, so as to provide baseline data to carry out health education. Methods Stratified cluster random sampling was applied to draw 2 400 families of 6 neighborhood committees in 3 streets of Taijiang District, Fuzhou. A 40 - year - old and above residents were selected from each household by KISH table. 2 156 people were face to face investigated, and physical examination and pulmonary function tests. ECG and X - ray examination to be detected,if the lung function results for FEV1/FVC 〈70% in the high - risk groups. Results The total prevalence of COPD was 6. 33% for people aged 40 and over in Fuzhou. The prevalence of males was significantly higher than that of females （P 〈 0. 01 ） . With age, the lower the level of education, family history, frequent contact with dust or harmful gases, regular exposure to cooking fumes showed high prevalence（P 〈0. 01/0. 05） . While working to take protective equipment crowd and in the outdoor cooking crowd showed lower prevalence （P 〈0. 01）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that factors including male,age^50 years old,family history,smoking and passive smoking,frequent contact with fumes were risky factors to the COPD,while high level of education were protective factors. Conclusion The detection rate of COPD in Fuzhou is lower than that of the national average. Age,smoking and other demographic characteristics and fume exposure are important factors related to the incidence of COPD.

关 键 词：慢性阻塞性肺疾病 检出率 相关因素 

分 类 号：R563[医药卫生—呼吸系统]