自然越冬过程中扁桃枝条生理特性变化与抗寒性评价  

Changes of Physiological Indexes and Comprehensive Evaluation of Cold Resistance of Almond during Natural Overwintering

作　　者：欧欢 王绪春 王振磊[1,2,3] 徐崇志 王新建[1,2,3] 林敏娟 OU Huan WANG Xu - chun WANG Zhen - le i XU Chong- zhi WANG Xin - jian LIN Min - juan(College of Plant Science, Tarim University/Engineering Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Tree Production in Southern Xinjiang, Production and Construction Corps, Alar Xinjiang 543300 , China The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High Efficiency and Superior - Quality Cultivation and Fruit Deep Processing Technology of Characteristic Fruit Trees in South Xinjiang, Alar Xinjiang S43300 , China Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization in Tarim Basin, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Tarim, Alar Xinjiang 843300, China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学植物科学学院/新疆生产建设兵团南疆特色果树生产工程实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]南疆特色果树高效优质栽培与深加工技术国家地方联合工程实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [3]新疆生产建设兵团塔里木盆地生物资源保护与利用重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2017年第10期1785-1795,共11页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：南疆特色林果科技成果转化示范基地建设(TDZX201614);巴旦杏高效生产关键技术集成与规模化示范(子课题5:2013BAD14B02)~~

摘　　要：【目的】研究6个扁桃品种的枝条在自然越冬过程中生理特性变化,综合评价不同扁桃枝条抗寒性的大小,为扁桃引种栽培及推广提供理论基础。【方法】测定越冬过程中各扁桃枝条膜透性、保护酶活性和渗透调节物质含量,分析生理指标在越冬期间的变化及相关性,比较不同品种在越冬期间的差异。【结果】在自然越冬过程中,扁桃枝条电解质渗透率、MDA含量、SOD活性、POD活性、可溶性蛋白质含量、可溶性性糖含量及脯氨酸量均呈先上升后下降的趋势,且与冬季温度均为负相关关系;温度变化对电解质渗透率、MDA含量、SOD活性、可溶性蛋白质和可溶性糖含量变化影响较大,对POD活性和脯氨酸含量变化影响较小,且抗寒性强的品种较抗寒性弱的品种增幅大,其中浓帕烈在越冬期间各项生理指标变化显著高于其它品种。【结论】通过测定扁桃枝条在越冬过程中各生理指标,发现电导率、SOD、可溶性糖和蛋白质均可作为评价抗寒强弱的指标,并结合隶属函数关系综合评价6个扁桃品种抗寒性的大小依次为浓帕烈>桃巴旦>矮丰>苦巴旦>晚丰>小软壳。[ Objective] In this paper, the physiological characteristics of 6 almond varieties during their natural wintering wi ll be evaluated, and the cold resistance of different almond branches w i ll be comprehen-sively evaluated, which might provide a theoretical basis for introduction, cultivation and promotion of al- mond.[ Method] The membrane permeability, protective enzyme activity and osmotic adjustment substance content of each almond were determined during the overwintering process. The changes and correlations of physiological indexes during winter were analyzed, and the differences among different cultivars were com-pared. [ Result] In the process of natural overwintering, the temperature of natural winter was negatively corre-lated with electrolyte permeability, MDA content, SOD activity, POD activity, soluble protein content, solu-ble sugar content and proline content, and all increased first and then decreased. The change of temperature had a great effect on the change of electrolyte permeability, MDA content, SOD activity, soluble protein con-tent and soluble sugar content, but had little effect on POD activity and proline content. And The varieties with strong cold resistance were more abundant than those with weak cold resistance, among which the changes of physiological indexes were more obvious during the overwintering period.[ Conclusion] The results showed that through the physiological indexes of almond branches during overwintering that were determined, the con-ductivity , SOD, soluble sugar and protein could be used as indexes to evaluate the cold resistance, and the re-lationship between the cold resistance of the six almond varieties was evaluated by combining the membership function. The cold resistance of 6 almond cultivars was in turn ： Nonpareil 〉 Peach Almond 〉 Aifeng 〉 Bit-ter Almond 〉 Wanfeng 〉 Xiaoruanke.

关 键 词：扁桃 自然越冬 抗寒性 生理指标 综合评价 

分 类 号：S662.9[农业科学—果树学]