渭北旱塬花椒栽培中存在的主要问题与对策  

Problems and Countermeasures on Chinese Prickly Ash Cultivation in North of Weinan

作　　者：李红芳[1] 许敏[1] 张宏建[1] 韩建华[2] 

机构地区：[1]渭南职业技术学院,陕西渭南714021 [2]天津市农业环境保护管理监测站,天津300061

出　　处：《辽宁农业科学》2017年第5期62-64,共3页Liaoning Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：渭南市科技计划项目(2015KYJ-4-4)

摘　　要：通过对渭北旱塬花椒生产实地调查,总结了花椒生产中存在的主要问题,提出了相应的对策。存在的主要问题是:立地条件差;重栽培,轻管理;花期冻害时有发生;实生苗建园,整齐度差;树势普遍偏弱;成龄园产量质量下降等。措施如下:改良立地土壤条件;重视水土保持工程的修建与改良;套种油菜;减少土壤裸露;防春季花期冻害;提倡嫁接苗建园;加强椒园的管理;及时更新结果枝组,采用壮枝结果技术;注意病虫害防治等。Through field investigation of Chinese Prickly Ash（Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim） in north of Weinan,made a summary of the main problems in the cultivation of and puts forward some countermeasures.There are six problems and ten measures were advised. The problems are poor site condition; Pay attention to cultivation and despise management; freeze injury in flowering phase happened now and then; seedling establishment,poor uniformity; trees generally weak. The measures are as follows： improving soil condition,paying attention to the construction and improvement of soil and water conservation projects,interplanting rape,reducing soil exposure,Preventing frost damage in spring,advocating to use the grafted seedling,Strengthening the management of Chinese Prickly Ash,Update the bearing branch in time,Adopting strong bearing branches technology,paying attention to pest control,establish and improve the technical extension system and so on.

关 键 词：花椒 栽培 问题 对策 

分 类 号：S573[农业科学—作物学]