粘膜下注射糖皮质激素预防下颌第三磨牙拔除术后肿胀  

Submucosal Injection of corticosteroids to reduce postoperative discomfort after mandibular third molar extraction

作　　者：卢旭光 程永峰[1] 李浩 

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学口腔医院口腔颌面外科,山西太原030001 [2]北京和睦家医院口腔科,北京100015

出　　处：《全科口腔医学电子杂志》2017年第6期31-33,37,共4页Electronic Journal of General Stomatology

摘　　要：目的探讨局部注射地塞米松对下颌第三磨牙拔除术后不适的影响。方法选择因下颌第三磨牙阻生来门诊治疗的患者45例(男23例,女22例),随机分为三组,每组15例。实验组一在拔牙前粘膜下局部注射地塞米松注射液1 m L,实验组二在拔牙后粘膜下局部注射地塞米松注射液1 m L,对照组仅注射生理盐水1 m L。测量术前、术后第二天、术后一周的肿胀和开口受限情况。结果术后第二天,实验组肿胀程度低于对照组,实验组之间无显著性差异。术后一周,各组间肿胀程度均无显著性差异。术后各组间张口受限程度无显著性差异。结论局部注射地塞米松可有效减轻第三磨牙拔除术后短期内肿胀程度。拔牙前给药操作更加便利。Objective To evaluate the effect of submucosal administration of dexamethasone on discomfort after mandibular third molar extraction.Methods Forty-fve patients requiring surgical removal of single mandibular impacted third molar under local anesthesia were randomly placed into 3 groups. After the onset of local anesthesia, the experimental groups received dexamethasone 5mg before or after tooth extraction through submucosal injection, and the control group received saline injection. Standardized surgical and drug protocols were followed. Maximum passive inter-incisal distance and facial contours were measured at baseline and at days 2 and 7 postoperatively.Results On the second postoperative day, facial edema showed a statistically signifcant reduction in experimental groups compared with the control group, but no statistically signifcant diferences were observed between the experimental groups. There was no statistically signifcant diference between all groups when postoperative swelling was evaluated at day 7. There was no statistically significant difference among all groups in limitation of mouth opening.Conclusion Of dexamethasone is efective in the prevention of postoperative edema after mandibular impacted third molar extraction. Injection before operation is easier to manipulate than after operation.

关 键 词：粘膜下 糖皮质激素 下颌第三磨牙 拔除术后肿胀 

分 类 号：R988.2[医药卫生—药品]