建筑外窗形式对窗户气密性能的影响  

Influence of window type on air tightness performance

作　　者：曹胜民 潘武轩 刘素梅[1] 成雄蕾 张浩 龙正伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学环境科学与工程学院室内空气环境质量控制天津市重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《土木建筑与环境工程》2017年第6期135-142,共8页Journal of Civil,Architectural & Environment Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0700500)~~

摘　　要：采用压差法测量了天津大学校园内5种典型的常用建筑外窗的气密性,这5种窗户分别是PVC单层窗、PVC双层窗、铝合金平开窗、铝合金推拉窗以及铝合金上悬上悬窗,每类窗户测量3组,测量压差控制在0~60Pa之间。通过测量结果分析了窗框材料、开关窗形式、使用时间以及窗户所处环境对窗户气密性的影响。最终,当压差为5Pa时,前4种窗户的漏风量分布在10~20m3/h之间,而铝合金上悬上悬窗的漏风量则在35~40m3/h之间,漏风量比较大。窗户的渗漏系数C与窗户气密性存在较大关系,压力指数n基本分布与0.5~0.6之间,受气密性影响小。再根据标准GB/T 7106—2008计算了所测外窗的气密性,通过计算,PVC双层窗的气密性最好,平均为5.17m3/h·m2;铝合金上悬上悬窗的气密性最差,平均为17.9m3/h·m2。通过对实验的可重复性进行测量,发现经过测量得出低压段(≤10Pa)的漏风量受环境影响较大,高压段(≥15Pa)较小;每两次重复性测试的时间间隔为1周,每两组重复测量之间的误差都小于15%,实验可重复。The air tightness of 5 different types of common used windows in Tianjin University were measured by blower window method;the measured windows including PVC single,PVC double,aluminum alloy casement,aluminum alloy sash and aluminum alloy slanting sash windows.We totally measured 15 windows with every type 3 windows.The pressure difference between window and outdoor air was controlled in 0~60 Pa during every test.According to the measured results,we compared the influence of window frame material,opening form,function time and outdoor environment on the performance of air tightness.With 5 Pa pressure differences,the infiltration rate of aluminum alloy slanting sash windows was 35~40 m3/h,others were 10~20 m3/h.The window air tightness had a great effect on window leakage coefficient C but less effect on pressure coefficient n,and the coefficient n of all the 15 windows was0.5-0.6.The air tightness of the 15 windows was calculated through GB/T 7106-2008,the PVC doublewindows were the tightest with an infiltration rate of 5.17 m3/h·m2,while the aluminum alloy slanting sash windows were worst and its infiltration rate was 17.9 m3/h· m2.Based on the results of 3 repeatability tests,we found the outdoor climate influence was negligible on the test results when the pressure difference was larger than 15 Pa.The time interval was one week for every repeatability test,most of the test error was less than 15% between every two tests.

关 键 词：建筑外窗 气密性 漏风量 渗漏系数 压力指数 

分 类 号：TU111.195.1[建筑科学—建筑理论]