妊娠晚期孕妇分娩自我效能与社会支持、心理健康的研究分析  

The analysis of childbirth self-efficacy,social support and mental health during the third trimester of pregnancy

作　　者：刘伟平[1] 王香枝[1] 杨晓[2] 张瑞星[2] 

机构地区：[1]郑州市妇幼保健院,河南郑州450053 [2]郑州大学护理学院,河南郑州450052

出　　处：《河南医学研究》2017年第1期8-11,共4页Henan Medical Research

基　　金：郑州市科技计划项目(2010SFXM199)

摘　　要：目的研究妊娠晚期孕妇分娩自我效能、社会支持、心理健康的水平,分析社会支持、心理健康与分娩自我效能的关系。方法采用一般资料调查表、简化中文版分娩自我效能量表(CBSEI-C32)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)对153名孕妇进行研究。结果结果期望(OE-16)、效能期望(EE-16)和分娩自我效能总分分别为(113.86±33.09)、(116.99±32.36)、(230.86±61.86)分。家庭内支持、家庭外支持和社会支持总分分别为(22.77±4.33)、(42.67±8.04)、(65.44±11.7)分。焦虑得分为(51.73±12.16)分,焦虑发生率为51.63%。OE-16、EE-16和分娩自我效能均与家庭内支持、家庭外支持和总体社会支持呈正相关,与焦虑水平呈负相关,社会支持对分娩自我效能的影响比焦虑对分娩自我效能的影响更显著。结论妊娠晚期孕妇分娩自我效能和社会支持处于中等水平,焦虑水平较高,焦虑可降低分娩自我效能,社会支持可提高分娩自我效能,护理人员应加强对孕妇的情感支持和信息支持,早期进行心理健康筛查,鼓励孕妇参加分娩知识讲座,鼓励家庭成员与孕妇之间的互动和协作,进而从多方面提高其分娩自我效能水平,促进自然分娩、降低剖宫产率。Objective To describe childbirth self-efficacy,social support and mental health during the third trimester of pregnancy,and analyze the relationship of childbirth self-efficacy,social support and mental health. Methods 153 women during the third trimester of pregnancy were recruited to fill a questionnaire of demographic data of participants,CBSEI-C32,PSSS and SAS. Results The points of OE-16,EE-16 and childbirth self-efficacy were(113. 86 ± 33. 09),( 116. 99 ±32. 36),(230. 86 ± 61. 86). The points of support in family,support out family and social support were( 22. 77 ± 4. 33),(42. 67 ± 8. 04) and(65. 44 ± 11. 7). The points of anxiety was(51. 73 ± 12. 16) and the anxiety rate was 51. 63%. OE-16,EE-16 and childbirth self-efficacy were positively related to support in family,support out family and social support,negatively related to anxiety. Conclusion Childbirth self-efficacy and social support of third trimester of pregnancy were in middle level,and anxiety was in higher level. Anxiety could decrease childbirth self-efficacy and social support could increase childbirth self-efficacy. In order to improve the childbirth self-efficacy and decrease the rate of cesarean section,medical staff should improve emotion support and information support,develop mental health screening in early time,encourage women to participate childbirth knowledge lectures,encourage family members to work with each other.

关 键 词：分娩自我效能 社会支持 焦虑 

分 类 号：R473.71[医药卫生—护理学]