土地整理后绿肥压青对土壤改良和烤烟产质量的影响  

Effects of green manure application to consolidated land on soil amelioration, yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco

作　　者：张久权[1] 张瀛[2] 张清明[2] 林建麒[2] 陈德鑫[1] ZHANG Jiuquan ZHANG Ying ZHANG Qingming LIN Jianqi CHEN Dexin(Institute of Tobacco Research of CAAS, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China Sanming Branch of Fujian Provincial Tobacco Company, Sanming 365000, Fujian, China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院烟草研究所 [2]福建省烟草公司三明市公司

出　　处：《烟草科技》2017年第10期22-29,共8页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：中国烟草总公司面上项目"土地整理后土壤养分变化与修复及烤烟变量施肥技术研究"(2013-149)

摘　　要：为了探索绿肥(光叶紫花苕子和肥田萝卜)压青对整理后土壤的改良作用,在福建三明烟区进行了大田试验,测定了土壤养分、物理性状指标和微生物数量。结果发现,绿肥压青能提高土壤活性有机质、碱解N、有效P、速效K含量(质量分数),其中光叶紫花苕子压青比萝卜压青对提高土壤碱解N的效果更好,萝卜压青比光叶紫花苕子压青对提高土壤有效P、速效K含量的效果更好。绿肥压青能够降低土壤容重,增加土壤田间持水量、总孔隙度、土壤通气度以及土壤水稳性团聚体含量,并增加微生物多样性指数。绿肥压青后,烤烟产量、均价和上等烟比例均增加,烟叶总氮含量,中、上部叶K含量提高。因此,土地整理后绿肥压青对改良土壤有积极作用。To investigate the effects of green manure [smooth vetch（Vicia villosa Roth var.） and radish（Raphanus sativus L.）] on soil amelioration after land consolidation, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the fertility, physical properties and microbe amount of soil in Sanming tobacco-planting area, Fujian Province. The results showed that green manure application increased the contents of labile organic matter,alkaline N, available P and K in soil. Smooth vetch had a better effect on increasing alkaline N content, while radish had better effects on increasing available P and K contents. Green manure application decreased soil bulk density and increased soil field capacity, total porosity, soil air permeability, water stable aggregate content and microbe diversity index. Green manure application also increased yield, average price and the percentage of superior leaves of flue-cured tobacco, and raised total N content in leaves and K content in middle and upper leaves. Therefore, green manure application plays a positive role in soil amelioration after land consolidation.

关 键 词：烤烟 土地整理 绿肥 土壤改良 光叶紫花苕子 肥田萝卜 

分 类 号：S572.061[农业科学—烟草工业]