飞播沙拐枣成苗降雨量及基于该降雨量下的种子丸粒化技术探讨  

Study on pelleting of Calligonum mongolicum seeds by aerial sowing

作　　者：武志博[1] 刘宏义 白莹[1] 郝小雯 王文舒[1] 马扎雅泰 薛旺 

机构地区：[1]阿拉善盟林业治沙研究所,阿拉善左旗750303 [2]阿拉善左旗林业工作站,阿拉善左旗750303 [3]包头市九原区农牧业产业化管理服务中心,包头014060 [4]乌兰布和生态沙产业示范区管委会,阿拉善左旗750303

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2017年第10期162-166,共5页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：阿拉善盟林业局飞播科技支撑项目资助

摘　　要：为解决沙漠区飞播造林过程中由于降雨量不足造成的"闪芽"现象,首先通过试验确定飞播树种沙拐枣成苗所需要的降雨量为15mm;然后通过完善丸粒化工艺、调整丸粒化配方的方法,控制丸粒化后的沙拐枣种子在一次降雨量达到15mm以上时裂解,达不到15mm不裂解,从而最大程度保证沙拐枣的成苗率。结果表明:延长滚实时间到45min,低于15mm降雨量的裂解率降低到34.56%;当保水剂加在丸粒化的外层时,低于15mm降雨的裂解率降低到了14.17%;通过在丸粒化过程中添加植物生长调节剂和营养物质,进一步提高了成苗率。通过改变丸粒化方法及配方,可以实现丸粒化沙拐枣种子只有在降雨量大于15mm才裂解并启动萌发,成苗率达到81.64%。To overcome the phenomenon of ＂ rapid death after seed germination＂ for pelleted Calligonum mongolicum seeds caused by insufficient rainfall in aerial seeding process,C. mongolicum seeds requiring 15 mm rainfall from germination to the formation of seedlings was determined by experiment. The pelleted C. mongolicum seeds only split when the rainfall amount was more than 15 mm by improving the pellet process and adjusting the formula of pellets,so as to increase seedling rate. The results show that when the time of making the pellet extended to 45 min,the splitting rate of pelleted C. mongolicum seeds reduced to 34. 56% in less than 15 mm rainfall; when the water retaining agent was added to the outer layer of the pellet,the splitting rate of pelleted C.mongolicum seeds reduced to 14. 17% in less than 15 mm rainfall; when plant growth regulator and nutrient elements were added in the pelleting formula,the seedling rate was improved further. By changing the pellet method and formula of C. mongolicum seeds,it was realized that the pelleted C. mongolicum seeds only split and germinated when the rainfall amount was more than 15 mm,and the seedling rate was 81. 64%.

关 键 词：沙拐枣 成苗降雨量 丸粒化 种子 

分 类 号：S725.72[农业科学—林木遗传育种]