定量单分子检测研究进展  

Advance in quantitative single-molecule detection

作　　者：胡娟 王子月[1] 张春阳[1] Juan Hu Zi-Yue Wang Chun-Yang Zhang(College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science,＂ Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学化学化工与材料科学学院,济南250014

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2017年第10期1161-1169,共9页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金(编号:21325523);科技部重点领域创新团队(编号:2015RA4024)资助项目

摘　　要：单分子检测是指在单分子水平上通过生物分子的构象变化、动力学、分子之间相互作用以及对单个分子进行操纵等方式进行检测.作为一种新型超灵敏检测手段,单分子检测在生物分子的定量检测领域有广阔的应用前景,尤其单分子荧光检测技术,近年来取得了很大进展,被广泛用于研究多种生物体系.本文对定量单分子检测的最新研究进展进行了系统综述,主要聚焦于定量单分子检测在生物标志物(包括DNA、酶和miRNA等)的超灵敏检测研究中的应用,及其在研究生物分子结构与动态、生物分子间相互作用、生物分子修饰和活细胞检测等方面的应用,本文也对定量单分子检测的发展方向进行了展望.Single-molecule detection enables the measurement of molecules at the single-molecule level, and it can be used to study the conformational changes, dynamics, interaction between the molecules and the manipulation of single molecules. Especially, single-molecule detection has emerged as an ideal analytical approach to quantify low-abundance biomolecules with significant advantages of rapidity, simplicity, high sensitivity and low sample-consumption. Recently,great progress has been made in single-molecule fluorescence detection, which has found wide applications in a variety of research fields. In this review, we summarize the recent advance in single-molecule detection, focusing on its applications in sensitive detection of biomarkers（e.g., DNAs, enzymes and miRNAs） and the study of biomolecular structure and dynamics, biomolecule interactions, biomolecule modification as well as live cell assay. Furthermore, we give a new insight into the future direction of single-molecule detection.

关 键 词：单分子检测 超灵敏检测 生物标志物 荧光共振能量转移 量子点 

分 类 号：O657.3[理学—分析化学] Q503[理学—化学]