碳量子点的生物毒性研究进展  

Research progress in toxicity of carbon quantum dots

作　　者：郑广强 吕小慧[2,3] 朱小山[2] 姚琨[1] 蔡中华[2] Guangqiang Zheng Xiaohui Lv Xiaoshan Zhu Kun Yao Zhonghua Cai(School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学环境科学与工程学院,广州510006 [2]清华大学深圳研究生院,深圳518055 [3]哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院,深圳518055

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2017年第10期1170-1178,共9页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:41373089;41573094);深圳市科技计划基础研究项目(编号:JCYJ20150529164918736;JCYJ20160531195354516)资助

摘　　要：作为一类新型碳纳米材料,碳量子点(CQDs)以其纳米尺寸效应、高水分散性、高荧光稳定性等优异特性及其低生产成本引起了科学界的广泛关注,成为国内外化学、材料学及生物科学等领域的研究热点.CQDs已被证实在生物传感、生物成像、药物载体、光催化等众多研究方向具有优异的应用价值.但是,也正是因为CQDs的广阔应用前景,尤其是在生物、医药及环境等领域的应用,增强了对其潜在的生物毒性进行研究评估的必要性.此外,在生产、使用、废弃和回收过程中,CQDs将不可避免地进入自然环境中,其高水分散性,其对自然环境,尤其是水环境的潜在生态影响需要得到重视.目前针对CQDs的生物毒性研究主要涉及对细胞、细菌、水生生物(藻类和鱼类)及陆生生物(大鼠、小鼠)等的影响.明确CQDs的生物毒性及其生态效应,对于正确理解和评估其环境风险,合理规划其使用和回收具有重要意义.本文阐述了这一领域的相关研究成果,并对其研究前景进行了分析和展望.As a new class of carbon nanomaterials, carbon quantum dots（CQDs） appeared to be highly promising in the fields of chemistry, biomedicine and material science due to their nano-specific properties, high dispensability and outstanding fluorescence stability. Various efficient approaches, including arc, pyrolysis, microwave, and template methods, have been developed for the synthesis of CQDs from low cost and abundant sources. Consequently, the applications of CQDs in biosensing, bioimaging, drug targeting, and photocatalysis have been facilitated. During the preparation, utilization, discarding, and recovery processes, CQDs will inevitably be released into the environments,which can enhance the hazards. Given the hydrophilic properties of CQDs, their possible effects on natural environments,especially on aquatic environments and living organisms, are worth being deeply investigated. This review discussed the toxicological bioassays of CQDs on a series of biological models including several cell lines and bacteria, aquatic organisms like algae and fish, as well terrestrial rats and mice in the last decade.

关 键 词：碳量子点 细胞 藻类 斑马鱼 大鼠 小鼠 生物毒性 

分 类 号：O613.71[理学—无机化学] TB383.1[理学—化学] X171.5[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]