腹膜透析患者希望水平现状及其影响因素分析  

Hope level in peritoneal dialysis patients: current situation and its related factors

作　　者：汪海燕[1] 王铁云[1] 杜俊[1] 赵丽芳[1] 席惠君[1] 郭志勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]第二军医大学附属长海医院肾内科,上海200433

出　　处：《中国血液净化》2017年第10期692-695,共4页Chinese Journal of Blood Purification

摘　　要：目的了解腹膜透析患者希望水平现状,分析希望水平的影响因素,为提高患者希望水平提供依据。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2016年4~12月第二军医大学附属长海医院腹膜透析中心规律随访的208例腹膜透析患者。选用Herth希望量表、社会支持量表以及自制的一般资料调查表,对腹膜透析患者进行问卷调查。结果采用SPSS21.0统计软件处理数据。结果腹膜透析患者的希望水平均分(32.732±5.375)分,低水平组为18例(8.6%),中水平组为120例(57.7%),高水平组为70例(33.7%)。单因素方差分析结果显示,不同的婚姻状况(F=18.630,P<0.001)、家庭月收入(F=23.414,P<0.001)、就医报销比例(F=5.957,P=0.003)、是否合并糖尿病(t=-1.977,P=0.049)、主要照顾者(F=14.525,P<0.001)患者之间的希望水平有统计学差异;将希望水平总得分作为应变量,以一般资料资料(年龄、性别、教育程度、婚姻状况、就业状况等)、社会支持总分作为自变量,采用多元逐步回归法分析影响腹透患者希望水平的相关因素,依据进入方程变量的标准偏回归系数大小,提示:婚姻状况(β=-0.125,P=0.025)、家庭月收入(β=0.216,P=0.001)、透析代替时间(β=0.277,P<0.001)、以及社会支持(β=0.202,P=0.003)为影响本组患者希望水平的相关因素。结论对于未婚或丧偶、照顾者非配偶、低家庭收入、透析时间较长、社会支持力度较低的腹膜透析患者希望水平较低,腹透护士在日常患者管理中应给予关注,以提高患者希望水平。Objective To understand the current situation of hope level in peritoneal dialysis（PD） patients and to analyze the related factors for hope level in order to provide bases for improving hope level in PD patients. Methods A total of 208 PD patients treated in the PD center in a hospital from Apr. 2016 to Dec. 2016 with regular follow-up were selected by the convenient sampling method. Questionnaire survey to these PD patients was conducted using Herth hope scale, social support scale and self-made general information questionnaire table. Data were processed by SPSS 21.0 statistical software. Results The average score of hope level was 32.732±5.375 in PD patients, in which 18 cases（8.6%） were in the low level group, 120 cases（57.7%） in the middle level group and 70 cases（33.7%） in the high level group. Univariate analysis of variance showed that the hope level was statistically related to marital status（F=18.630, P〈0.001）, family income（F=23.414, P〈0.001）, reimbursement ratio of medical expenses（F=5.957, P=0.003）, diabetes（t=-1.977, P=0.049） and main caregivers（F=14.525, P〈0.001）. Multivariate stepwise regression analyses demonstrated that marital status（β=-0.125, P=0.025）, monthly family income（β= 0.216, P=0.001）, dialysis replacement time（β = 0.277, P〈0.001） and social support（β = 0.202, P= 0.003） were the related factors affecting hope level in PD patients. Conclusion The hope level was lower in PD patients who are single, are cared by non-spouse caregivers, and had low family income, longer dialysis time or lower social support. PD nurses should pay more attention to these patients in daily management to improve their hope level.

关 键 词：腹膜透析 患者 希望水平 影响因素 

分 类 号：R459.5[医药卫生—治疗学]