2008—2015年甘肃省天水市水痘流行特征分析  

Prevalence features of varicella in Tianshui city,Gansu province from 2008 to 2015

作　　者：张永斌[1] 杨雯静[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省天水市疾病预防控制中心,甘肃天水741000

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2017年第5期27-30,41,共5页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

摘　　要：目的分析甘肃省天水市水痘流行特征,探讨疫情的变化规律和防控策略。方法对2008—2015年天水市传染病报告信息管理系统和突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统中上报的水痘疫情资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果2008—2015年天水市共报告水痘5 337例、年均报告发病率20.08/10万,报告水痘引起的突发公共卫生事件9起,全部发生在中小学校;秦州区报告突发公共卫生事件数(4起)和事件病例数(126例)均居首位,病例报告以6月最多(1 043例)、占19.54%,水痘引起的突发公共卫生事件报告以5月最多(3起)、占33.33%;发病主高峰出现在5—7月、小高峰在12月,男性年平均发病率22.28/10万、女性17.82/10万,男性高于女性(χ~2=65.71,P<0.05);病例年龄众数为5.0(P25~P75=4.0~11.0),以5岁~组报告病例数最多(2 062例)、占38.64%,且以学生为主(46.43%)。结论天水市水痘发病率较高,有明显季节性高峰和地区差异,5~9岁儿童是水痘防控的重点人群,中小学校是重点单位;有必要将水痘纳入丙类传染病管理,调整重点人群免疫策略,形成有效的免疫屏障。Objective To discuss the epidemic trend and the prevention strategies through the analysis of varicella prevalence features in Tianshui city, Gansu province. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was carried out with varicella epidemic data reported on the infectious disease reporting information management system and the public health emergency management information system during 2008—2015. Results Totally there were 5 337 varicella cases in Tianshui city with the annual average incidence rate of 20.08/100 000. All 9 public health emergencies occurred at primary and secondary schools due to varicella and Qinzhou district was the most seriously epidemic place, including 4 public health emergencies and 126 varicella cases. As the monthly reports, most varicella cases were reported in June（1 043, 19.54%）, and the public health emergencies mainly occurred in May（3, 33.33%）. The main peak of the epidemic situation was in May—July, with the small peak in December. The annual average incidence of the male and female was respectively 22.28/100 000 and17.82/100 000 with statistical difference（χ^2=65.71, P〈0.05）. The age of onset was 5.0 of mode（P25-P75=4.0-11.0）. There were 2 026 varicella cases reported in age group of 5 years-and accounted for 38.64%. Student distributed 46.43% within the occupation groups. Conclusions To varicella, there is high incidence, with obvious seasonal peaks and district difference in Tianshui city. Children at age of 5 to 9 years are the target population; primary and secondary schools are the key units for varicella control and prevention. It is necessary to bring varicella into class C infectious diseases management system, and adjust the immunization strategy for immune barrier establishment.

关 键 词：水痘 病例报告 流行特征 

分 类 号：R511.5[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]