基于心脏腔式结构的心电图元胞自动机建模  

A cellular automaton model for electrocardiogram considering the structure of heart

作　　者：张学良[1] 谭惠丽[1] 唐国宁[1] 邓敏艺[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学物理科学与技术学院,桂林541004

出　　处：《物理学报》2017年第20期18-26,共9页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:11365003;11565005;11647309)资助的课题~~

摘　　要：建立了包含心房肌、心室肌、房室腔、室间隔并考虑心室肌分层结构的心电图元胞自动机模型.利用所建立的模型,仿真了电信号在心脏中的传导,计算了正常和缺血情况下的场点电势走势.数值结果表明:正常情况下,模拟所得的场点电势呈现与标准心电图一致的P波、QRS波群、T波和J波;在心内膜下肌细胞缺血情况下,出现T波倒置的现象;在心外膜下肌细胞缺血情况下,T波变得高耸;在透壁缺血情况下,T波提前形成,QT间期缩短.将正常和异常情况下的场点电势走势与临床结果进行了对比,并分析了其形成与持续机制.研究结果可为准确阐明心电图与心肌细胞电活动之间的关系、探讨心电图的产生与持续机制提供参考.The electrocardiogram（ECG） has broad applications in clinical diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases.The accurate description for the question how the ECG come from the cardiac electrical activity is helpful for understanding the corresponding relation between the ECG waveform and cardiovascular disease. Experience is the primary method of studying the ECG, but the computer simulation method makes it more convenient to explore the effect of given factor for ECG waveform. Cellular automaton is a simple and effective computer simulation method. However,the cellular automaton model considering the main structure of the heart is not yet established. Therefore, we propose a cellular automaton model for the ECG considering the atria, the ventricle, and the ventricular septum. With this model,the conduction of the myocardial electrical activation is simulated by following the field potentials under healthy and diseased conditions, and the underlying mechanisms are analyzed. Through the computer simulations and analyses the results are obtained as follows. First, the conduction process of the electrical signal in this model is the same as that in the real heart. Second, under the healthy conditions, the behavior of the field potential appears as normal ECG, in which the P wave and the QRS wave group come from the depolarization of the atria and ventricle, respectively, on the other hand, the T wave and J wave come from the repolarization of the ventricle. The computer results support the conclusion that the J wave appears just because the existence of the notch in the epicardial transmembrane potential curve. Third, the endocardium ischemia conditions result in the T wave inversion. The mechanism is that the action potential duration of the ischemic endocardial cells is shorter than that under normal conditions, which makes larger the transmembrane potential gradient between the endocardium and the subepicardium, and then contributes a more negative value to the field potential. Fourth, the epicardium isc

关 键 词：元胞自动机 跨膜电位 心电图 心肌缺血 

分 类 号：R540.41[医药卫生—心血管疾病]