浅水灌溉对直播稻秧苗形态特征和生理特性的影响  

Effects of Shallow Water Irrigation on Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Direct Seeding Rice Seedling

作　　者：范平珊 罗昊文[1] 段美洋[1,2] 黄穗华 孔雷蕾[1,2] 钟卓君 莫钊文 潘圣刚[1,2] FAN Pingshan LUO Haowen DUAN Meiyang HUANG Suihua KONG Leilei ZHONG Zhuojun MO Zhaowen PAN Shenggang(College of Agriculture, South China Agricuhural University, Guangzhou 510642,China Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学农学院,广东广州510642 [2]农业部华南地区作物栽培科学观测实验站,广东广州510642

出　　处：《华北农学报》2017年第5期185-191,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31471442)

摘　　要：为了探究浅水灌溉对直播稻秧苗生长发育的影响,以常规稻巴斯马蒂(B)和象牙香占(X)为材料,通过盆栽控水处理,研究了在浅水灌溉条件(水深3.0~3.5 cm)下直播稻秧苗的形态、生理以及光合特性和抗氧化酶活性的变化。结果表明,在浅水灌溉栽培模式下,秧苗地上部的株高、茎基宽、最上面第一片展开叶叶面积均有所提高,地下部的根系活力、根长、根尖数、根系总面积也均有所增加。同时,浅水灌溉条件下秧苗的最大净光合速率、蒸腾速率以及最大光化学效率、相对电子传递效率、光化学猝灭系数和非光化学猝灭系数均比对照有显著提高。另外,在本试验中,浅水灌溉栽培可以显著提高秧苗叶片的过氧化物酶(POD)活性和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,降低丙二醛(MDA)含量。With conventional Indica rice Basmati（ B） and Xiangyaxiangzhan（ X） as the materials,pot experiments were carried out to study the effects of shallow water irrigation（ 3. 0-3. 5 cm deep water） on the morphological,physiological,photosynthetic characteristics and activity of antioxidant enzyme of rice seedling. The results showed that shallow water irrigation could improve plant height,stem width,leaf area,root activity,root length,root number and root area,however,maximal photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,maximal photochemical efficiency,electron transfer efficiency,photochemical quenching and non photochemical quenching was higher than that under shallow water irrigation compared to aerobic irrigation,respectively. On the other hand,shallow water irrigation also could enhance activities of peroxydase（ POD）,catalase（ CAT） and reduce content of malonaldehyde（ MDA） of leaves of rice seedlings.

关 键 词：秧苗 浅水灌溉 形态特征 生理特性 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]