空巢对老年人高血压患病及治疗现状的影响  

Effect of empty-nest on prevalence and treatment status of hypertension in the elderly

作　　者：高玉梅 李振永 王娟[2] 巩会平[2] 刘振东[3] 

机构地区：[1]东营市河口区人民医院,山东东营257200 [2]山东大学第二医院 [3]山东省医学科学院基础医学研究所

出　　处：《中国老年学杂志》2017年第20期5141-5143,共3页Chinese Journal of Gerontology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.81670432;81500232);山东省自然科学基金项目(No.ZR2014HM098;ZR2016HM82)

摘　　要：目的探讨空巢对老年人高血压患病及治疗现状的影响。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法,对山东省东营市河口区8个社区2057例老人的高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率、控制率以及相关的影响因素进行调查,并采用UCLA孤独自评量表和老年抑郁量表(GDS)对老年人的孤独感和抑郁感进行评估。结果空巢老人为653例,占总调查人数的31.75%。空巢老人高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率及控制率分别为56.0%、88.8%、81.1%和6.0%。与非空巢老人比较,空巢老人高血压患病率显著升高,而高血压知晓率、治疗率及控制率显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示,空巢是影响老年人高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率及控制率的主要因素。UCLA得分是老年人高血压患病率、知晓率及控制率的主要影响因素,GDS得分是老年人高血压患病率及治疗率的主要影响因素。空巢老年人患高血压的概率是非空巢老年人的2.630倍,而非空巢老年人高血压的知晓率、治疗率及控制率分别是空巢老年人的2.036、1.680和1.958倍。结论空巢对老年人高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率及控制率有显著影响。心理咨询及精神关怀可能是空巢老人高血压管理的重要手段之一。Objective To explore the effect of empty-nest on prevalence and treatment status of hypertension in the elderly and provide scientific evidences for improving the level of hypertension management in community empty-mest elderly. Methods 2 057 community elderly were enrolled by cluster sampling from 8 communities in Hekou district,Dongying city. Prevalence,awareness,treatment and control of hypertension and related factors were investigated in all elderly. Loneliness and depression symptom were assessed by using University of California at Los Angels（ UCLA） loneliness scale and Geriatric Depression Scale（ GDS）,respectively. Results Among 2 057 community elderly,653（ 31.75%） were empty-nest elderly. The prevalence,awareness,treatment and control of hypertension were 56. 0%,88. 8%,81.1%,and 6.0%,respectively. The prevalence of hypertension in empty-nest elderly was significantly higher,and awareness,treatment and control hypertension were markedly lower than those in non-empty-nest elderly（ P〈0.001）. Multinomial Logistic regression analysis showed that empty-nest was an important factor for prevalence,awareness,treatment,and control of hypertension in the elderly. UCLA was a crucial factor for prevalence,awareness,and control of hypertension in the elderly. GDS was an important factor for prevalence and treatment of hypertension in the elderly. The prevalence of hypertension in empty-nest elderly was 2.630 folds higher respect to non-empty-nest elderly. The awareness,treatment,and control of hypertension in empty-nest elderly were 2.036,1.680,and 1.958 folds lower respect to non-empty-nest elderly.Conclusions There are significant impact of empty-nest on the prevalence,awareness,treatment,and control of hypertension in the elderly. Psychological counseling and spiritual care may be one of the important means for hypertension management in empty elderly.

关 键 词：空巢 高血压 孤独 抑郁 

分 类 号：R473.2[医药卫生—护理学]