灾害脆弱度分析风险评估法在医院感染管理中的应用  

Application of hazard vulnerability analysis risk assessment for hospital acquired infection management

作　　者：胡慧芳[1] 马永辉[1] 孔立[1] 郭金凤[1] 王娟[1] 刘淼[1] 李玉森[1] 王吉霞[1] 李宁[1] 张丁丁[1] 岳霞[1] 刘宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]济宁医学院附属医院医院感染管理办公室,山东省济宁市272001

出　　处：《中华医院管理杂志》2017年第11期822-825,共4页Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration

摘　　要：目的应用灾害脆弱度分析（HVA）风险评估法评估医院感染防控工作。方法用HVA风险评估法筛选出2016年医院感染管理中的2个院级优先级改进项目，评估各危险因子的风险值，按”二八”原则选择干预。2015年为基线调查，2016年上半年、下半年分别作为效果评价阶段。计数资料的比较采用Х^2检验。结果手卫生依从率、病区高频接触物表清洁合格率基线调查分别为64．4％和57．0％，效果评价第一阶段分别为69．0％和73．7％，效果评价第二阶段分别为72．9％和82．4％，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．001）；医院感染发病率、手术部位感染发生率基线调查分别为1．26％和0．29％，效果评价阶段分别为1．07％和0．22％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论HVA风险评估法在医院感染管理中具有良好的效果，可有效识别和评估医院感染风险，进而对风险进行控制。Objective To evaluate hospital acquired infection control using the risk assessment method of hazard vulnerability analysis （HVA）. Methods The HVA risk assessment method was used to screen out two hospital-level priority improvement projects in hospital acquired infection management in 2016, and assess the relative risk of the risk factors, for selective intervention according to the ＂20% -80% principle＂. 2015 was set as baseline survey, while the first and second half of 2016 as the outcome evaluation stage. The comparison of the count data was performed using the Х^2 test. Results Baseline survey of hand hygiene found the compliance rate and high-touch surface cleaning pass rate as 64.4% and 57.0% respectively. The first stage of evaluation found the rate as 69.0% and 73.7% respectively, while in the second stage rate was 72.9% and 82.4% respectively. These diiferences were statistically significant （P 〈0.001 ）. Baseline survey found the incidence of hospital acquired infection and surgical site infection as 1.26% and 0.29% respectively, while the figures in the stage of evaluation were 1.07% and 0.22% respectively, figures being statistically significant （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions The HVA risk management proves significant for the prevention and control of hospital acquired infection, as it can identify and assess risk factors of hospital acquired infection, for better risk control.

关 键 词：灾害脆弱度分析 风险评估 医院感染 手卫生 高频接触物表 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]