中医运动处方的起源与发展  

Origin and Development of Exercise Prescription in Traditional Chinese Medicine

作　　者：贾冕[1] 王正珍[1] 李博文[1] JIA Mian;WANG Zheng-zhen;LI Bo-wen(Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China.)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学,北京100084

出　　处：《体育科学》2017年第10期65-71,89,共8页China Sport Science

摘　　要：通过中医学文献中运动疗法的记载,总结并梳理中医运动处方发展的历史源流。中医运动处方的理论发展及其应用经历了6个主要历史阶段:萌芽于原始社会,形成于春秋战国时期,在秦汉时期得到了初步发展,在两晋南北朝到隋唐五代得到了充实,并于宋元明清时期走向兴盛,鸦片战争后短暂停滞,而在1949年后重新发展,逐步走向系统化。中医运动处方由以治疗为主,逐渐纳入预防、健身、康复的目的。中医运动处方随科技、医学、文化等的进步而逐步发展,萌芽较早,内容丰富,应用广泛,但成熟较晚。随着西方现代运动处方理念的融入,在促进体医融合和发展中医药的政策推动下,在系统性、规范性上逐步完善的中医运动处方理论体系将会是运动处方体系的重要组成部分,具有更广泛的应用价值。In this paper, the history origin of exercise prescription in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） was summarized and combed through the TCM literature by the method of literature review. The exercise prescription in TCM started early and was widely used. It was rich in content, but matured late. Its development and application of theory had experienced six main historical stages. It was sprouted in primitive society, formed in the Spring and Autumn period and Warring States Period, initial developed in the Qin and Han dynasties, enriched and flourished from the Western Jin dynasty to the Five Dynasties, prosperous from Song dynasty to Qing dynasty, a brief period of stagnation after the Opium War, and redevelopment after the founding of new China. Its growing systematized gradually. At first, it was mainly for the purpose of treatment, and gradually added the prevention, fitness and rehabilitation purposes. The exercise prescription in TCM developed gradually with the progress of science and technology, medicine, culture and so on. With the integration of exercise pre- scription, under the promotion of TCM policies and the combination of exercise and medicine, the theory system of the exercise prescription in TCM will be improved on the systematic and normative aspect, and be an important part of exercise prescription system. It will have a wider application val- ue in the future.

关 键 词：中医运动处方 历史源流 导引 运动疗法 

分 类 号：G804.5[文化科学—运动人体科学]