施氮深度对成龄梨树生长及氮素营养状况的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Application Depth on Growth and Nitrogen Nutrition Status of Pear Trees

作　　者：孙明德 武阳 姜春光 赵艳艳 田海青 刘军 刘松忠 

机构地区：[1]北京市林业果树科学研究院/北京市落叶果树工程技术研究中心/农业部华北地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室,北京100093 [2]北京市农业环境监测站,北京100029

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2017年第10期60-63,69,共5页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划子课题(2014BAD16B03-3);北京市科委重大项目(D161100000716002);北京市农林科学院科技创新专项(KJCX20151405;KJCX20170111)

摘　　要：以7年生黄金梨为材料,研究了不同施氮深度(0、20、40 cm)对梨树各器官的生长状况及氮素营养状况的影响。结果表明,不同施氮深度处理下,梨树各器官生物量无显著差异;中长梢叶、短梢、二年生枝、细根、粗根的氮含量均在20 cm施氮深度下最大,表面施氮处理次之,40 cm处理最小;20 cm施氮深度处理短梢、中长梢、细根、粗根和果实的总氮量最高,表面施氮处理次之,40 cm处理最低;营养器官、贮藏器官和生殖器官的总氮量均表现为20 cm处理最高。因此,本试验中20 cm深度施氮能提高梨树各器官的氮素营养水平,过深或过浅施氮不利于成龄梨树对氮素养分的吸收和积累。Seven-year-old pear trees（ Pyrus pyrifolia cv. Hwangkumbae） were treated to investigate the influences of nitrogen application depth（ 0,20 and 40 cm） on the growth of pear tree organs and nitrogen nutrition status in field. The results indicated that the organ biomass among different treatments had no significant differences. The nitrogen contents in middle and long shoot leaves,short shoots,two-year-old branches,fine and coarse roots and the total nitrogen contents in short shoots,middle and long shoots,fine and coarse roots and fruits were the highest in the 20-cm depth treatment,followed by 0-cm depth treatment,and were the lowest in the 40-cm depth treatment. The total nitrogen contents in vegetative,storage and reproductive organs of 20-cm depth treatment were the highest. Therefore,20-cm nitrogen application depth could effectively improve the nitrogen nutrition status in organs of pear trees; too shallow or too deep would not be conductive to the nitrogen absorption and accumulation of mature pear trees.

关 键 词：施氮深度 梨树 生物量 氮含量 总氮量 

分 类 号：S661.206.2[农业科学—果树学]