论希罗多德《历史》中的神人关系  

The Relationship between Humans and Gods in Herodotus' History

作　　者：王若菡[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学历史学院,北京100875

出　　处：《中国石油大学学报（社会科学版）》2017年第5期49-54,共6页Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Social Sciences)

摘　　要：希罗多德是西方历史学的奠基者,其《历史》是西方现存最早的一部较为完备的历史作品。在选取和分析史料时,希罗多德坚持"求真存疑"的批判精神,并清晰地呈现从历史自身去解释历史的倾向,表现出人本主义立场。但由于受到所处时代及古希腊文化传统的影响,在《历史》中仍随处可见超自然因素的痕迹。希罗多德承认神的存在,并认为其对人类有影响和支配作用,特别是神对人类命运的既定几乎是不可逆转的。然而,《历史》同样肯定人的价值,希罗多德在对一些重大事件进行叙述时有意淡化了神的作用,显示出人的主动性。Herodotus is the founder of Western history and his History is the earliest complete history book. Herodotus insisted on the critical spirit when selecting and analyzing history materials and explained history through history itself,and showed the spirit of humanism. Influenced by the characteristics of his living periods and the tradition of ancient Greek culture, there are lots of supernatural factors in his book History. Herodotus believed the existence of gods,and thought that gods could affect and even control humans,and that Gods＇ decision of humans＇ destiny could not be changed. However,the History also admitted the value of humans. In his description of some important events,Herodotus always weakened the role of gods and emphasized the subjectivity of humans.

关 键 词：希罗多德 《历史》 人神关系 命运 

分 类 号：K12[历史地理—历史学]