氮硅配施对双季水稻产量及氮硅养分吸收利用的影响  

Effect of Application of Nitrogen Combined with Silicon on Grain Yield of Double Cropping Rice and Its Nitrogen and Silicon Absorption

作　　者：吴建富[1] 谢凡[1] 付桃秀 潘晓华[1] 石庆华[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学双季稻现代化生产协同创新中心/作物生理生态与遗传育种教育部重点实验室/江西省作物生理生态与遗传育种重点实验室,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2017年第5期843-850,共8页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31660596;31460540);国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD07B12)~~

摘　　要：以株两优189和H优518为早、晚季试验材料,通过田间试验,在磷钾养分用量相等的条件下,研究不同用量氮肥(早稻0,105,165 kg/hm2,晚稻0,120,180 kg/hm2,以N计)和硅肥(早、晚稻0,120,180,240 kg/hm2,以Si O2计)配施对双季水稻产量及氮硅养分吸收利用的影响。结果表明,适量氮硅肥配施有利于提高单位面积有效穗数、每穗粒数、结实率和产量,且其互作效果与氮肥、硅肥用量有关。早稻施氮165 kg/hm2、施硅180 kg/hm2,晚稻施氮180 kg/hm2、施硅240 kg/hm2时互作效果最佳,产量为最高。适量增施硅肥有利于提高水稻氮素和硅素养分的积累量和吸收利用率。相关分析表明,早、晚稻氮素积累量与硅素积累量呈显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.998和0.897;水稻硅素积累量与产量呈显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.984和0.998。Zhuliangyou819 and H you 518 were used as experimental materials,three levels of nitrogen（ early rice with 0,105,165 kg/hm^2 and later rice with 0,120,180 kg/hm^2） and four levels of silicon（ early and later rice with 0,120,180,240 kg/hm^2） with equal application of phosphorus and potassium were designed to study the effects of application of nitrogen combined with silicon on grain yield and nitrogen and silicon absorption of rice in the double cropping paddy field. The results showed that combined application of nitrogen and silicon could increase the effective panicles per unit area,spikelet per panicle,filled grain percentage,1 000-grain weight and yield,the interaction effect was related with nitrogen fertilizer and silicon fertilizer dosages.The treatment of N 165 kg/hm^2 and Si O2180 kg/hm^2 and the treatment of N 180 kg/hm^2 and Si O2240 kg/hm^2 could obtain the highest yield of early rice and late rice,respectively.It can be concluded that efficient silicon fertilizer application increases nitrogen and silicon accumulation and the uptake and use efficiency of double cropping rice.There was a significant positive correlation between the N accumulation and Si accumulation（ r = 0.998 and r = 0.897 in early-and later-rice season,respectively）; there was a significant positive correlation between the Si accumulation and rice grain yield（ r = 0.984 and r = 0.998 in early-and later-rice season,respectively）.

关 键 词：氮肥 硅肥 水稻 产量 养分吸收 

分 类 号：S511.42[农业科学—作物学]