生物肥与钾肥配施对冬枣生长及土壤理化性状的影响  

Effects of bio-organic and potassium fertilizer combinations on winter jujube growth and soil physic-chemical property

作　　者：梁宇 王立仙 张忠兰[1] 杨守军[1] 马海林[3] 马丙尧[3] 刘方春[3] 杜振宇[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学烟台研究院,山东烟台264670 [2]山东省滨州市沾化区农业局 [3]山东省林业科学研究院

出　　处：《山东林业科技》2017年第5期1-5,共5页Journal of Shandong Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：山东省重点研究计划(2015GNC111010);"经济作物专用PGPR微生物肥料创制与产业化示范"(2015ZDXX0502B02)

摘　　要：以12年生冬枣(Ziziphus jujube Mill.cv.Dongzao)为试材,深入探讨了生物肥和化肥单独施用及二者配施对冬枣生长发育及果实品质的影响。试验共设四个处理,分别为对照、生物肥单施、生物肥与硫酸钾配施、硫酸钾单施。生物肥于花前一次施用,硫酸钾分别于花前和坐果期两次施用。分别于冬枣的幼果期、果实膨大期和成熟期对树体养分、土壤理化性状及生物学特性、果实产量及品质进行检测。结果表明,与对照和硫酸钾处理相比,生物肥无论单施或与硫酸钾配施均能在冬枣幼果期、果实膨大期和成熟期提高土壤中的速效氮磷含量和微生物数量,改善土壤的缓冲性能和果实品质。生物肥与硫酸钾配施以及单施硫酸钾处理不仅提高了土壤中速效钾含量,改善了树体营养,并且促进了冬枣产量的升高。综合分析认为,生物肥和硫酸钾配施对冬枣产量和品质提升效果最佳。This study was designed to discuss the effects of application combinations of bio-organic and potassium fertilizers on the growth and fruit quality of winter jujube as well as soil physic-chemical properties. Bio-organic fertilizer alone or in combination with potassium sulfate, or potassium sulfate alone was applied to jujube trees （Ziziphus jujube Mill.cv.Dongzao） as different treatments. The bio-organic fertilizer was applied once before blossoming, but potassium sulfate twice before blossoming and in bearing fruit, respectively. The nutritional status of leaves and soil, and the yield and quality of fruits were investigated to determine the influences of different fertilizer treatments on winter jujube tree growth and soil characteristics. The results indicated that bio-organic fertilizer application alone or in combination with potassium sulfate could improve available nitrogen and phosphorus content, biological population, buffering capacity of soil and fruit quality in comparison to the control and potassium sulfate application alone. Bio - organic fertilizer combined with potassium sulfate and potassium sulfate application alone not only increased available potassium content and supplied sufficient mineral nutrients for trees, but also enhanced the fruit yield of winter jujube. Therefore, it is concluded that the application of bio -organic fertilizer in combination with potassium sulfate was the best way to increase the yield and fruit quality of winter jujube.

关 键 词：冬枣 生物肥 硫酸钾 生长 土壤 

分 类 号：S723.7[农业科学—林木遗传育种]