南京地区降水雨滴谱拟合模型的参数特征分析  

Parameter Characteristic Analysis of Raindrop Spectrum Fitting Models in Nanjing

作　　者：张洪胜 何宏让 张云 曾庆伟 白仕刚 

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军理工大学气象海洋学院,南京211101 [2]中国人民解放军96319部队,广东揭阳515347

出　　处：《气象与环境科学》2017年第3期77-84,共8页Meteorological and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201206007);国家自然科学基金项目(41375106、41275128)资助

摘　　要：根据南京地区2010-2014年雨滴谱观测资料,利用Gamma分布、标准Gamma分布、改进的标准Gamma分布等雨滴谱分布模型,研究了南京地区降水雨滴谱拟合模型的参数特征。结果表明:1)南京地区降水雨强标准差σR和<R>之间比值为2.29;2)利用阶矩法,按照Gamma模型对雨滴谱进行拟合,形状因子μ、斜率因子λ和截断参数log10N0总的平均值分别为9.2、11.6 mm-1、7.2 mm-1·m-3,众数值分别约为6.0、5.5 mm-1、4.5 mm-1·m-3,并且μ和λ之间均存在较好的二次项函数关系;3)标准化形式下的Gamma分布参数Dm和Nw随雨强的增大而逐渐增大,并且随雨强的增大,Dm增大的幅度越来越大,而Nw增大的幅度却越来越小;4)谱型参数σM随Dm增大而增大,并且Dm和σM之间存在较好的指数型函数关系。Based on the disdrometer observations carried out in Nanjing from 2010 to 2014,the parameter characteristic of raindrop spectrum fitting models in Nanjing have been analyzed using models of Gamma distribution,normalized Gamma distribution and improved normalized Gamma distribution. The main results are as followed. 1) The ratio of the rainfall intensity standard deviation σRand its average value R is 2. 29. 2) Gamma raindrop size distribution function is fitted by moment method,and the mean values of shape parameter μ,slope parameter λ and truncation parameter log10 N0 are 9. 2,11. 6 mm-1,7. 2 mm-1·m-3 respectively. The model number of shape parameter μ,slope parameter λ and truncation parameter log10 N0 are 6. 0,5. 5 mm-1,4. 5 mm-1·m-3 respectively. There is a good binomial relationship between μ and λ. 3) Both the parameters Dmand Nwof the normalized Gamma model increase with the increasing rainfall intensity. The increment of Dmis increasingly big and Nwincrement becomes smaller with rainfall intensity increasing. 4) generally increases with Dmand an exponential function σMcould represent the relation between and Dmwell.

关 键 词：雨滴谱 GAMMA分布 标准Gamma分布 阶矩法 

分 类 号：P426.62[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]