射流清管器运动特性与清管段塞耗散分析  

Analysis on the Movement Characteristics of Bypass Pig and Pig-Generated Slug Dissipation

作　　者：陈建恒 何利民[1] 吕宇玲[1] 李晓伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)油气储运安全省级重点实验室,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《石油化工高等学校学报》2017年第5期66-71,共6页Journal of Petrochemical Universities

基　　金：十三五国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05028-004-003)

摘　　要：为了分析射流清管器的运行规律与清管段塞的耗散特性,对一实际深水气田进行射流清管动态模拟,通过改变清管器的压降系数和旁通率,分析清管器速度波动特点以及清管段塞耗散规律。研究表明,清管器速度随压降系数呈幂律分布,在敏感区间,压降系数的微小变化使清管器速度大幅波动。清管器平均速度随旁通率的增加线性下降,通过改变旁通率可实现清管器速度的控制。利用射流气体对前方积液的吹扫和携带,可有效地减小积液堆积,降低运行阻力,避免清管器在立管底部出现停滞。旁通的存在使清管段塞沿程耗散,段塞体液相分率下降,液膜区增长,终端的清管段塞量显著降低。射流清管器旁通率的优选需要综合考虑合适的清管器速度波动范围,同时确保清管段塞量处于捕集器的处理范围内。In order to analyze the movement rules of bypass pig and the characteristics of pig-generated slug dissipation,a dynamic bypass pigging simulation for a real deep-water gas field was conducted.The movement characteristics of pig velocity and the pig-generated slug dissipation were analyzed through changing the pressure drop coefficient and bypass fraction.The study shows that the pig velocity turns out to be power-law distribution with the change of pressure drop coefficients,and within the sensitive range,a small change of the pressure drop coefficient will lead to a huge fluctuation of the pig velocity.The average pig velocity has the tendency of linear reduction with the rise of bypass fraction,the change of which helps to control the pig velocity.By taking advantage of bypass gases to carry and sweep the liquid loading in front of the pig,the running resistance can be reduced,thus the stick phenomena of the pig at the bottom of the riser is avoided.The existence of bypass fraction makes the pig-generated slug dissipate along the pigging period.With the increase of the bypass fraction,the hold up of liquid in the slug is reduced,and the liquid film zone is prolonged,thus making the pig-generated slug volume decrease remarkably.For the optimization of the bypass fraction,an overall consideration should be given to the reasonable scope of pig velocity variations and the pig-generated slug volume,making sure it＇s within the processing capacity of a slug catcher.

关 键 词：射流清管 压降系数 旁通率 清管器速度 清管段塞 

分 类 号：TE832[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]