宝天曼自然保护区园林观赏植物陕西紫茎及其伴生树种的生态位特征  

Niche Characteristics of Stewartia shensiensis and Associated Species in Baotianman Natural Reserve

作　　者：朱学灵 叶永忠[2] 吴明作[3] 王春平[4] 

机构地区：[1]河南天昊苑园林绿化工程公司,河南平顶山467300 [2]河南农业大学生命科学学院,郑州450002 [3]河南农业大学林学院,郑州450002 [4]河南省林业调查规划院,郑州450003

出　　处：《河南科学》2017年第10期1603-1608,共6页Henan Science

基　　金：国家林业科技支撑计划(2008BADB0B0301)

摘　　要：利用Levins生态位宽度、Whittaker生态位相似度和Pianka生态位重叠等公式测算了宝天曼陕西紫茎群落13种主要乔木树种的生态位宽度、生态位相似性和生态位重叠.结果表明,陕西紫茎群落中主要优势种群的生态位宽度较大,陕西紫茎与其共优种青楷槭、千金榆、锐齿栎的生态位宽度分别是1.730 1、1.760 6、1.780 8、1.734 9,且与共优种的生态位相似性较高,生态位宽度与生态位相似性之间无明显的关联性;生态位宽度较大的物种因其对资源的利用能力较强、分布较广、有较大竞争力而与其他种群间的生态位重叠较大,生态位宽度较小的物种由于对资源的利用能力较弱、分布不够广泛、竞争力弱而有可能导致与其他种群难以共存,具有较大生态位宽度的种群之间的生态位重叠并不一定较高.从陕西紫茎群落生态位重叠值来看,陕西紫茎与林下层种群的竞争要大于其对共优层种群的竞争.Using Levins' niche breadth,Whittaker's niche similarity and Pianka's niche overlap,13 tree speciesin Stewartia shensiensis Chang community were surveyed and estimated. The results showed that:the niche breadth ofthe main dominant populations in Stewartia shensiensis Chang community was large. The niche breadth of Stewartia shensiensis Chang and co-dominant species Carpinus cordata Bl,Acer tegmentosum Maxim and Quercus aliena var.acuteserrata Maxim were 1.730 1,1.760 6,1.780 8 and 1.734 9,respectively. The Stewartia shensiensis Chang had ahigher niche similarity with its co-dominant species. There is no significant correlation between niche breadth andniche similarity. The species with broad niche breadth had a larger niche overlap with other species due to its strongresource utilization ability,wide distribution and more competitive. Mmeanwhile,the species with narrow niche breadthcould be difficult to coexistence with other populations due to its weak resource utilization ability,narrow distribution andweak competitive. The niche overlap was not necessarily high among populations with large niche breadth.According to niche overlap,the competition between Stewartia shensiensis Chang and understory species was greaterthan that between co-dominant story species.

关 键 词：生态位宽度 生态位相似性 生态位重叠 陕西紫茎 宝天曼 

分 类 号：S718.55[农业科学—林学]