郑州市二七区常住居民高血压患病率及其影响因素的调查分析  

Prevalence of Hypertension and Its Influencing Factors among Residents from Erqi District in Zhengzhou

作　　者：宋盈盈[1] 万有栋[1] 马珊珊 孙同文[1] 王宇明[3] 王润琦 杜魁元 任竹红 关方霞 杨波[6] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第一附属医院综合ICU,河南省郑州市450052 [2]郑州大学生命科学学院干细胞实验室,河南省郑州市450052 [3]河南省医学会,河南省郑州市450003 [4]河南省郑州市郑飞医院内科,450000 [5]河南省郑州市嵩山路社区卫生服中心内科,450000 [6]郑州大学第一附属医院神经外科,河南省郑州市450052

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2017年第33期4193-4198,共6页Chinese General Practice

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划课题(2014BAI08B01)--高血压慢病基层规范化防治适宜技术研究;评价与推广;国家自然科学基金资助项目(81370364);河南省卫生科技创新人才项目[豫卫科(2010)52号]

摘　　要：背景高血压是引起心脑血管疾病发病率升高的主要原因,且其患病率呈逐年上升趋势,严重增加了医疗负担。目的了解郑州市二七区常住居民高血压患病率,并分析其影响因素。方法 2015年7—10月,采用整群抽样法选取郑州市二七区的常住居民15 370例为调查对象。对其进行问卷调查和体格检查,前者内容包括性别、年龄、婚姻状况、职业、文化程度、人均月收入、生活方式(是否为高盐饮食)、有无高血压家族史、是否加入慢病管理等,后者内容包括身高、体质量、血压,计算体质指数(BMI)。计算高血压患病率及其标化患病率。结果共发放调查问卷15 370份,回收有效问卷15 328份,有效回收率为99.73%。15 328例居民中,高血压2 132例(13.91%),标化患病率为13.91%;男性高血压患病率为14.69%(1 144/7 789)、标化患病率为7.03%,女性高血压患病率为13.11%(988/7 539)、标化患病率为6.88%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,性别[OR=0.831,95%CI(0.739,0.933)]、年龄[45~54岁:OR=2.501,95%CI(2.004,3.122);55~64岁:OR=5.058,95%CI(4.024,6.358);≥65岁:OR=11.642,95%CI(9.261,14.634)]、婚姻状况[丧偶:OR=2.020,95%CI(1.101,3.705)]、职业[个体+股民:OR=2.108,95%CI(1.511,2.939);家务+退休及再就业:OR=1.545,95%CI(1.276,1.870)]、人均月收入[3 000~4 999元:OR=0.777,95%CI(0.663,0.909);≥5 000元:OR=0.788,95%CI(0.687,0.903)]、高盐饮食[OR=1.916,95%CI(1.492,1.914)]、高血压家族史[OR=11.523,95%CI(10.182,13.040)]、慢病管理[OR=14.761,95%CI(12.121,17.967)]、BMI[24.0~27.9 kg/m^2:OR=1.690,95%CI(1.492,1.914);≥28.0 kg/m^2:OR=2.952,95%CI(2.490,3.499)]是高血压的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论郑州市二七区常住居民高血压患病率较低,男性、高龄(≥65岁)、丧偶、个体+股民、家务+退休及再就业、人均月收入≤2 999元、高盐饮食、有高血压家族史、加入慢病管理及BMI≥24 kg/m^2是高血压的相关危险因素。Background Hypertension is the main cause of the increase in the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and its prevalence is increasing year by year, which results in a serious burden on healthcare system. Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension among residents from Erqi district in Zhengzhou,and analyze its influencing factors. Methods Using the cluster sampling,15 370 residents from Erqi district in Zhengzhou were selected by questionnaire and physical examination from July to October of the year 2015. The questionnaire covered gender,age,marital status,occupation,educational level,per capita monthly income,lifestyle（ whether it was a high salt diet）,family history of hypertension,management of chronic diseases and so on. The physical examination included height,weight,blood pressure,and body mass index（ BMI）. The prevalence of hypertension and its standardized prevalence rate were calculated. Results A total of 15 370 questionnaires were distributed and 15 328 valid questionnaires were collected. The effective recovery rate was99. 73%. Among 15 328 residents,2 132（ 13. 91%） residents were with hypertension and the standardized prevalence rate was13. 91%; the prevalence of hypertension in males was 14. 69%（ 1 144/7 789） and its standardized prevalence rate was 7. 03%,while the prevalence of hypertension in females was 13. 11%（ 988/7 539） and its standardized prevalence rate was 6. 88%. The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that influencing factors of hypertension included gender [OR = 0. 831,95% CI（ 0. 739,0. 933） ],age [45-54 years old： OR = 2. 501,95% CI（ 2. 004,3. 122）; 55-64 years old： OR = 5. 058,95%CI（ 4. 024,6. 358）; ≥ 65 years old： OR = 11. 642,95% CI（ 9. 261,14. 634） ], marital status [widowed person： OR= 2. 020,95% CI（ 1. 101, 3. 705） ], occupation [self-employed entrepreneur/share holder： OR = 2. 108, 95% CI（ 1. 511,2. 939）; housework/retire/re-employment： OR = 1. 545,95% CI（ 1. 276,1. 870）

关 键 词：高血压 患病率 影响因素分析 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]