工程机械减速机齿轮失效分析  

Failure Analysis of Construction Machinery Reducer Gear

作　　者：王灿 马国[2] 张冬梅[2] WANG Can MA Guo ZHANG Dongmei(State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing of Advanced Construction Machinery, XCMG Construction Machinery Co., Ltd., Xuzhou 221004, China Jiangsu Xuzhou Engineering Machinery Research Institute, Xuzhou 221004, China)

机构地区：[1]徐工集团工程机械有限公司高端工程机械智能制造国家重点实验室,江苏徐州221004 [2]江苏徐州工程机械研究院,江苏徐州221004

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2017年第20期254-256,共3页Hot Working Technology

摘　　要：某工程机械减速机二级行星齿轮发生了失效。为了探究齿轮失效的原因,对失效齿轮进行了解剖。并采用直读光谱仪、摆锤式冲击试验机、拉伸试验机、洛氏硬度计、显微硬度计及金相显微镜等设备,进行了成分、组织及力学性能检测,并对热处理工艺进行了分析。结果表明:失效齿轮的化学成分满足20Cr Mn Ti材料的要求;失效齿轮心部预备热处理不合适,强度达不到标准要求;渗碳热处理使齿面部位达到了硬度及渗碳深度的要求,但渗碳不均匀,齿轮侧面硬度达不到要求。齿轮侧面硬度低和耐磨性差是失效的主要原因。The failure of the two stage planetary gear of a mechanical reducer happened. In order to explore the causes of gear failure, the failure gear was dissected. The composition, microstructure and mechanical properties were tested by using spectrometer, pendulum impact testing machine, tensile testing machine, Rockwell hardness tester, micro-hardness tester and metallographic microscope. And the heat treatment process was analyzed. The results show that the chemical composition of the failed gears meets the requirements of 20CrMnTi material; pre-heat treatment of failure gear center is inappropriate, and strength is not up to standard requirement; carburizing heat treatment makes the surface of the tooth parts meet the requirements of hardness and carburizing depth, but carburizing is not uniform, the gear side hardness is not up to the requirement. The low hardness of the gear side and poor wear resistance are the main reasons for the failure.

关 键 词：失效齿轮 化学成分 力学性能 组织 热处理 

分 类 号：TG157[金属学及工艺—热处理]