蜂巢状多孔明胶制备高性能超级电容器用活性炭  

Preparation of Activated Carbon from Honeycomb-Like Porous Gelatin for High-Performance Supercapacitors

作　　者：李道琰 张基琛 王志勇[1] 金先波[1] LI Dao-Yan ZHANG Ji-Chen WANG Zhi-Yong JIN Xian-Bo(College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. Chin)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学化学与分子科学学院,化学电源材料与技术湖北省重点实验室,武汉430072

出　　处：《物理化学学报》2017年第11期2245-2252,共8页Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(221673164)资助项目~~

摘　　要：近年来,以生物质为前驱体来制备碳材料因其资源丰富、廉价易得、无污染且可再生等优点而引起人们的广泛关注。本文将生物质明胶制备成呈蜂巢状的多孔结构,并以此为前驱体经碳化、活化制备活性炭。研究表明,与商品化明胶相比,由多孔明胶所制备的活性炭其比表面积(可高达3692 m^2?g1)及超级电容器性能均有明显提升。在6 mol?L^(-1) KOH水溶液中,由多孔明胶经600°C碳化、700°C KOH活化所制备的活性炭,在1 A?g^(-1)的放电容量为357 F?g^(-1),即使在100 A?g^(-1)的大电流密度下,其比电容仍可维持在227 F?g^(-1)。活性炭样品也表现出优异的循环稳定性,在10 A?g^(-1)下经7500圈循环稳定性测试后,其初始容量保持率高达93.0%。而且,以该活性炭组装的对称型超级电容器,在250、2500及25000 W?kg^(-1)的功率密度下,其能量密度分别为10.3、9.7和8.2 Wh?kg^(-1);在10 A?g^(-1)下经10000次循环后,容量保持率高达97.6%。这些研究结果表明由蜂巢状多孔明胶所制备的活性炭在高性能超级电容器中具有巨大的应用潜力。Recently, preparation of carbon materials using biomass as precursors has received much attention owning to their merits of low cost, abundance, renewability, and environmental benignity. In this study, honeycomb-like porous gelatin was synthesized and subsequently used as the precursor to prepare activated carbon through carbonization followed by activation. The prepared activated carbon had a higher specific surface area （up to 3692 m2.g-1） and supercapacitor performance than that of activated carbon derived from commercial gelatin. In a 6 mol.L-1 KOH solution, the activated carbon prepared from porous gelatin through 600℃carbonization and 700℃ activation delivered high specific capacJtances of 357 and 227 F.g-1 at current densities of 1 and 100 A.g-1, respectively. In addition, after 7500 charge/discharge cycles at a current density of 10 A.g-1, it showed 93.0% retention of the initial capacitance, demonstrating excellent cycling stability. Moreover, a symmetric supercapacitor was assembled, which delivered an energy density of 10.3, 9.7, and 8.2 Wh.kg-1 at power densities of 250, 2500, and 25000 W.kg-1, respectively. Furthermore, a capacity retention as high as 97.6% was achieved after 10000 cycles at 10 A.g-1 using this symmetric supercapacitor. This work has demonstrated that the activated carbon derived from honeycomb-like porous gelatin has great potential for application in high-performance supercapacitors.

关 键 词：多孔明胶 蜂巢状 活性炭 超级电容器 

分 类 号：TM53[电气工程—电器]