多重核酸检测技术和传统检测方法对胃肠道感染性病原体检测的比较  

Comparation of Pathogens in Infectious Gastroenteritis Cases Using Multiplex Ncleic Acid Amplification Testing and Conventional Laboratory Diagnostic Tools

作　　者：伊洁[1] 解宏杰[1] 刘文静[1] 赵玉沛[2] 徐英春[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医院检验科,北京100730 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医院基本外科,北京100730

出　　处：《现代检验医学杂志》2017年第5期118-121,共4页Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine

基　　金：卫生部公益性行业科研专项(项目编号:201402001)

摘　　要：目的比较一种商品化的多重核酸检测试剂盒和传统检测方法对胃肠道感染性病原体检测的性能。方法收集135例有胃肠道感染症状患者的135份粪便标本,分别用多重核酸检测技术和传统检测方法进行检测。结果多重核酸检测技术和传统检测方法检出至少一种病原体的检出率分别是81.5%和33.3%,其中多重核酸检测技术可检出12种病原体,传统检测方法可检出5种病原体;传统方法检测的阴性标本中,用多重核酸检测技术可以检出48.1%的阳性标本;多重核酸检测技术和传统检测方法分别检出31.1%和0的混合感染标本;多重核酸检测技术检测的结果中,门诊、住院和急诊患者标本中病毒的阳性检出率均是最高,分别是15.6%,31.1%和3.7%。传统检测方法和多重核酸检测技术方法对住院的标本中病原体的检出率均高于急诊和门诊患者。采用配对资料χ~2检验进行统计学分析,两种方法的阳性检出率,混合感染标本的阳性检出率及不同环境中阳性标本检出率,差异均具有统计学意义(χ~2=45.57～58.887,P<0.01)。结论多重核酸检测技术相对于传统检测方法阳性检出率更高,为临床上诊断胃肠道感染提供一种可能有效的检测方法。Objective To compare the performance of a commercial multiplex nucleic acid amplification test （MultiplexNAT） and the conventional microbiological testing for etiologic pathogens of gastroenteritis. Methods 135 stool specimens from 135 patients showing gastroenteritis symptoms were collected and detected by both the MultiplexNAT and the conventional testing. Results The detection rates of at least one potential etiologic agent was 81.5% and 33.3% by the MultiplexNAT and conventional testing, respectively. 12 pathogens could be detected by the MultiplexNAT while 5 pathogens could be detected by the conventional testing. Of the negative samples from conventional testing,48.1% were positive with the MultiplexNAT. Furthermore, 31. 1% and none of the stool specimens showed coinfection by MultiplexNAT and conventional testing, respectively. Using MultiplexNAT, the positive detection rates of viruses were highest in the outpatient settings, emer geney and inpatient settings, which were 15.6 %, 31.1% and 3.7% respectively. The overall proportion of pathogen-positive samples was higher for outpatient settings than for emergency and inpatient settings using both conventional testing and the MultiplexNAT. Z2 test for paired data for statistical analysis：positive detection rates, coinfection positive detection rates and three settings positive detection rates using two methods was statistically significant respectively （Х^2= 45.57~58. 887 ,P~ 0.01）. Conclusion The MultiplexNAT significantly has more postivie detection rates compared to the conventional testing, and could be a possible method in the diagnosis of infectious gastroenteritis diseases.

关 键 词：胃肠道感染性疾病 多重核酸检测技术 传统检测技术 

分 类 号：Q503[生物学—生物化学] R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]