基于虚拟水战略的黄土高原地区农业生产空间布局优化——以榆林市为例  

Optimization of Agricultural Production Spatial Distribution in Loess Plateau Based on Virtual Water Strategy——A Case Study of Yulin City

作　　者：南国卫 孙虎 宋永永 NAN Guowei SUN Hu SONG Yongyong(School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi ＇an 710062, Shaanxi , China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,中国陕西西安710062

出　　处：《经济地理》2017年第10期197-205,共9页Economic Geography

基　　金：香港郭氏集团扶贫基金会(SXW20111)

摘　　要：基于虚拟水战略背景,以榆林市12个区县为研究区,运用定量分析模型和GIS技术,通过构建时间序列的农业调整指数模型,对榆林市的农业生产空间布局进行优化研究,并对各县区的未来发展方向进行了探讨。结果显示:(1)榆林市2000—2014年各区县的农村人均虚拟水含量在时间上具有波动性,呈现"北部高,南部低"的空间分布特征。(2)榆林市2000—2014年各区县的农业生产优势度空间差异明显,时空变化显著,整体呈现"西北高,东南低"的空间格局,且各区县农业生产优势度的空间差异逐年缩小。(3)榆林市区域农业生产布局分为合理型、过密型和过疏型3种类型。(4)榆林市北部农牧过渡区六县区水土资源丰富,应充分发挥区域资源优势,优化农业产业布局,以旱作农业为主,大力发展现代化、产业化和集约化农业和专业化草畜牧业,兼顾水土资源污染的防治;南部黄土丘陵沟壑区六县区,水资源相对匮乏,应大力发展区域特色优势农业和林果产业,兼顾水土流失的治理。Under the background of virtual water strategy, 12 counties of Yulin in the Loess Plateau as the research object, Quantitative analysis model and GIS technology were used to construct the time series agricultural adjustment index model, to Optimize the spatial distribution pattern of agricultural production in Yulin, to explore the future development direction of counties. The results showed that：（1） The per capita virtual water content of the rural areas in Yulin showed a relatively large instability in time from 2000 to 2014, showing a spatial distribution of ＂northern is higher while southern is lower＂. （2） The spatial heterogeneity of agricultural production dominance of Yulin city in 2000-2014 was distinct, and the spatial and temporal changes were significant. All types of dominance showed ＂northwest is higher,while southeast is lower＂ spatial pattern, and different counties of agricultural production distinct of spatial differences narrowed year by year. （3） There are three types of regional agricultural production layout in Yulin, which are reasonable, over-dense and over-sparse. （4）Under the background of virtual water strategy, the water and soil resources of the six counties in the northern farming and animal husbandry transition zone are rich, and the advantages of regional resources should be brought into full play and the layout of agricultural industry should be optimized. Dryland farming should be the mainstay, and modernization, industrialization and intensive agriculture and professional grass animal husbandry should be vigorously developed, and taking into account the prevention of pollution of water and soil resources; Six counties in the Southern Loess Gully Region, the water resources are relatively scarce, and the regional advantages agriculture and forestry industry should be developed.

关 键 词：虚拟水战略 黄土高原 农业产业 空间优化 榆林市 

分 类 号：F323.213[经济管理—产业经济]