谱比法地震衰减层析反演方法研究  

The Study of Seismic Attenuation Tomography Inversion Based on Spectrum Ratio Method

作　　者：于倩倩 李振春[1] 张敏[1] 张凯[1] 于振南 张欣 潘东 YU Qian-qian LI Zhen-chun ZHANG Min ZHANG Kai YU Zhen-nan ZHANG Xin PAN Dong(School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum （East China）, Qingdao 266580, Chin)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《CT理论与应用研究（中英文）》2017年第5期533-541,共9页Computerized Tomography Theory and Applications

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41374122);国家重大科技专项(2011ZX05006-002)

摘　　要：由于地下介质对地震波能量有强烈的吸收作用,降低了地震资料的分辨率以及地震资料处理、解释的精度,因此选择合适的参数对地层吸收衰减情况进行有效描述是对地下构造进行高分辨率、高精度处理及解释的有效途径。目前品质因子Q是对岩石弹性参数进行有效描述的重要参数之一。用品质因子Q来衡量地震波能量在介质中传播的吸收衰减情况,是目前提高地震资料分辨率的有效方法,同时也是提高含油气地层解释精度的有效途径。近些年,许多学者提出了多种计算Q值的方法,其中谱比法是在实际中应用最为广泛的Q值估计方法。本文在前人方法的基础上,对谱比法进行了改进,并结合走时层析方法反演Q值,充分利用谱比法在精度、稳定性等方面的优势以及走时层析方法计算效率高的优点,不仅可以提高反演的精度而且能够保证反演的稳定性,提高计算效率。通过模型试算证明谱比法衰减层析方法能有效估计Q值变化情况,具有较好的发展前景。Due to the strong absorption of seismic energy of underground media, seismic data resolution and seismic data processing, interpretation accuracy are reduced. Therefore, it is an effective way to process and interpret the seismic data with high resolution and high precision by selecting the appropriate parameters to describe the formation absorption effectively. Currently, quality factor Q is one of the important parameters to describe elastic parameters. It is an effective way to improve the resolution of seismic data and to improve the accuracy of interpretation of oil and gas strata by using the quality factor Q to measure the attenuation of seismic wave energy when propagating in the medium. In recent years, numerous scholars have proposed a variety of methods to calculate the Q value, in which spectral ratio method is the most widely used Q estimation method. In this paper, on the basis of previous results, we propose improved spectral ratio method combing with travel time tomography method which can fully take advantage of accuracy and stability of spectral ratio method and efficiency of the travel time tomography method as well. By our method, the inversion precision and stability are guaranteed. By using the model test, it is proved that spectral attenuation method can estimate the change of Q value effectively, and has good development prospect.

关 键 词：品质因子 层析成像 频谱比法 频率域 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]