我国不同出生队列人群血压水平差异分析  

A Study of Birth Cohort Variation in Blood Pressure Levels in China

作　　者：吴金晶[1] 穆光宗[1] 裴丽君[1] 武继磊[1] WU Jin-jing MU Guang-zong PEI Li-jun WU Ji-lei(Institute of Population Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学人口研究所,北京100871

出　　处：《人口与发展》2017年第5期56-65,73,共11页Population and Development

摘　　要：由于社会变迁的影响,不同年代和地域出生的人群可能存在健康差异,包括作为健康重要测量指标的血压水平的差异。本研究基于中国健康与营养调查1991-2011年跟踪数据,以1931-1980年间出生人口为研究对象,分别以收缩压和舒张压水平为测量指标,通过分层增长曲线模型进行分析。研究结果显示:(1)总体上,按样本平均年龄标准估计,年轻出生队列人群的血压水平高于年长出生队列人群,但在北方女性中,收缩压的估计值随出生队列变更呈倒"U型"分布;(2)血压水平随年龄增长而上升,但年长出生队列人群的血压年龄增长率估计值高于年轻出生队列人群;(3)总体上,年轻出生队列中的南北方人群平均年龄标准时的血压估计值差异小于年长出生队列中的,只在男性舒张压方面发现年轻出生队列中的南北方人群血压估计值差异大于年长出生队列中的。相对于传统流行病学研究,本研究结果有助于揭示我国人口心血管健康随出生队列推移的内在变动趋势,为我国不同地域人群的高血压等心血管疾病的防治提供实证参考。Massive social changes may result in birth cohort and regional variations in health, including blood pressure, which is a critical indicator of health. We use data from China Health and Nutrition Survey （ 1991 - 2011 ）. With a sample of individuals born between 1931 and 1980, we respectively build hierarchical growth curve models for systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. Below are main findings. （ 1 ） More recent birth cohorts have higher predicted blood pressure at the average age of the sample except that we find an inverted U - shaped cohort pattern of systolic blood pressure among northern women. （2）Blood pressure in- creases with age. More senior cohorts experience steeper age - related growth rates of blood pressure. （3）The south - north differences in predicted blood pressure at the average age decrease across successive cohorts except that we find a growing south - north gap in diastolic blood pressure among men. Unlike traditional epidemiologic researches, this study reveals the inter- cohort heterogeneity in cardiovascular health among Chinese and provides empirical evidence to promote prevention and treatment of hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases in south and north China.

关 键 词：血压水平 出生队列 区域差异 

分 类 号：C92-05[社会学—人口学]