英语听说能力对就业性别差异的影响——来自CGSS2013的经验证据  

The Effects of English Speaking and Listening Skills on Gender Difference in Employment:Evidence from CGSS Data

作　　者：谭远发[1] 王恬 周云[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南财经大学中国西部经济研究中心 [2]西南财经大学社会发展研究院

出　　处：《财经科学》2017年第10期122-132,共11页Finance & Economics

摘　　要：英语听说能力作为人力资本的重要组成部分,是决定劳动力市场就业及工资的重要因素之一。本文基于中国综合社会调查(CGSS)2013年数据,采用Logit、OLS和PSM方法,研究了个体英语听说能力对就业的影响及其性别差异。主要研究发现有:(1)我国民众英语听说能力仍然较差,聋哑英语的比例高达97%,但男女差异不大;(2)聋哑英语的职场惩罚因存在部门差异,使个体在国有企业就业的比例和平均工资分别降低了12.5%和45.3%;(3)聋哑英语对男性的职场惩罚更大,使国有企业男性就业的比例减少了21.5%,使党政机关及事业单位的男性平均工资减少了42.2%;(4)提高受教育年限能有效降低聋哑英语形成的风险。因此,我国应不断提高国民的平均受教育年限,同时建立和完善以听说为主的英语教育体系,促进英语学习从应试向应用转变。Based on CGSS2013 data, this article uses Logit, OLS and PSM to study the effects of English speaking and listening skills on gender difference in employment. All findings are ：（1） the proportion of Deaf and Dumb English accounts to 97%, but gender difference is insignificant; （2）the penalty of Deaf and Dumb English in the employment sector is different, the proportion of individuals employed in the state-owned enterprises decreased by 12.5% and the average wage in the state-owned enterprises decreased by45.3%; （3）the penalty of Deaf and Dumb English can im- pact more significantly on male than female; if the male is Deaf and Dumb English, the proportion of men employed in enterprises decreased by 21.5%, and the average wages of men in government organs and public institutions de- creased by 42.2%;（4）Schooling can decrease the probability of Deaf and Dumb English, Therefore, it is necessary to improve education and set a new system of English assessment, which would help English learner more concentrate on the ability of oral and listening.

关 键 词：聋哑英语 职场惩罚 性别差异 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济] H319.3[经济管理—国民经济]