杭州市降雪中多环芳烃的污染特征及生态风险评价  

Pollution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Pollution in Snow in Hangzhou

作　　者：唐访良[1] 张明[1] 余波[1] 张伟[1] 徐建芬[1] 陈瑛[2] 何羽[2] 

机构地区：[1]杭州市环境监测中心站,浙江杭州310007 [2]杭州市余杭区环境监测站,浙江杭州311100

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2017年第9期170-176,共7页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：杭州市社会发展科研攻关项目(20150533B08;20140533B09);杭州市环境保护科技项目(2013HZHB002)

摘　　要：2016年1月,在杭州市城区及主要郊县建成区采集降雪样品,利用高效液相色谱法分析了雪样中16种多环芳烃(PAHs)的质量浓度,探讨它们的分布特征、来源和生态风险。结果表明,杭州市降雪中属于美国环境保护署(US EPA)优先控制16种PAHs均有检出,各采样点位ΣPAHs的质量浓度范围在97.0~964 ng/L之间,平均598 ng/L,其中富阳降雪中最高,临安最低。降雪中PAHs以低分子量的3环和中分子量的4环为主,以菲的含量最高。特征组分比例分析结果表明临安和淳安降雪中PAHs以石油源为主,而其余采样点以燃烧污染和石油排放污染的混合源为主。采用风险商值法进行生态风险评价结果显示,除了临安降雪PAHs污染的生态风险较低外,其余各采样点均处于高、中风险等级,存在不利的生态风险。Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） in snow samples collected from downtown areas of Hangzhou were quantitatively determined by HPLC in January 2016. All of the 16 US EPA priority controlled PAHs were detected in these samples, the total PAHs concentrations ranged from 97.0 to 964 ng/L, with an average of 598 ng/L. The highest value was obtained from Fuyang, and the lowest value was obtained from Lin＇an. Component analysis showed that the PAHs found in the snow samples were mainly three-and four-ring PAHs, and Phe had the highest contribution to ΣPAHs among the PAHs examined. According to the ratio of feature components, the PAHs in the snow originated largely from the incomplete com-bustion of fuels and oil leakage. In addition, the ecological risk was assessed based on risk quotient（RQ）, and the result indi-cated that the PAHs in snow in most of the sampling points posed a high-or moderate-risk except Lin＇an. Overall, some potential ecological risk of PAHs has been found in snow in Hangzhou.

关 键 词：多环芳烃 降雪 杭州市 污染特征 生态风险 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]